Word List 10

misshapen /ˌmɪsˈʃeɪpən/

【释】adj. 畸形的；奇形怪状的 (out of shape as to be ugly)

【近】disfigured

【释】v. 歪曲 (misshape的过去式)

otherness /ˈʌðərnəs/

【释】n. 相异；不同 (being or feeling different in appearance)

【例】In the film, he is able to depict the sense of otherness and alienation.

vacillate /ˈvæsəleɪt/

【释】v. 犹豫

【例】to vacillate between teaching and journalism

【近】dither, waver

【形】vacillation

fatalistic /ˌfeɪtəˈlɪstɪk/

【释】adj. 宿命论的 (of the belief that people cannot change the way events will happen)

【例】Being fatalistic about your chances will do no good.

【形】fatalism

repetitious /ˌrepəˈtɪʃəs/

【释】adj. 重复的；反复的 (marked by tedious repetition)

【例】He was bored by the repetitious work.

【形】repetition

telepathy /təˈlepəθi/

【释】n. 心灵感应 (the ability to know what is in someone's mind)

keystone /ˈkiːstoʊn/

【释】n. 主旨；基本原则 (the most important part of an idea)

【释】n. 拱顶石

impostor /ɪmˈpɑːstər/

【释】n. 骗子 (one that assumes false identity for the purpose of deception)

【例】The man who claimed to be a prince turned out to be an impostor.

【形】impose

filial /ˈfɪliəl/

【释】adj. 子女的 (of or due from a son or daughter)

【近】respectful, affectionate

outsmart /ˌaʊtˈsmɑːrt/

【释】v. (智力上)超过；胜过 (gain an advantage over someone)

【例】He outsmarted his enemies.

【近】surpass

periodicity /ˌpɪriˈɑːdɪsəti/

【释】n. 周期性 (the quality of recurring at regular intervals)

【近】frequency

【形】period

deject /dɪˈdʒekt/

【释】v. 使沮丧，使灰心 (make gloomy)

【例】to deject someone’s spirits

【近】dampen

magnetize /ˈmæɡnətaɪz/

【释】v. 使磁化；吸引，迷住 (attract strongly)

【例】Traditional buildings magnetize more tourists from other places.

【近】attract, draw

aurora /ɔːˌrɔːrə/

【释】n. 曙光

【释】n. 北极光

exultant /ɪɡˈzʌltənt/

【释】adj. 狂喜的；欢悦的 (very happy)

【例】an exultant cheer

【近】cheerful

efface /ɪˈfeɪs/

【释】v. 抹掉；抹去 (remove completely from recognition or memory)

【例】a memory effaced by time

【形】effacement

reprove /rɪˈpruːv/

【释】v. 责备；指责 (tell someone that you disapprove of their behavior)

【例】The teacher gently reproved the boys for not paying attention.

【近】criticize, rebuke

egotism /ˈeɡoʊɪzəm/

【释】n. 自我中心 (an inflated feeling of pride in your superiority to others)

【例】Egotism is the anesthetic that dulls the pain of stupidity.

【近】vanity, conceit

【形】ego

halcyon /ˈhælsiən/

【释】adj. 平静的；平稳的 (denoting a period of time in the past that was idyllically happy and peaceful)

【例】a halcyon atmosphere

【近】idyllic, joyful

【释】n. 翠鸟

garrulous /ˈɡærələs/

【释】adj. 喋喋不休的 (excessively talkative)

【例】He became positively garrulous after a few glasses of wine.

【近】conversational, gabby, loquacious

dilettante /ˌdɪləˈtænti/

【释】n. 业余爱好者 (a person having a superficial interest in a branch of knowledge)

【例】You can always tell a true expert from a dilettante.

【近】amateur

dissolute /ˈdɪsəluːt/

【释】adj. 放荡的 (unrestrained by convention or morality)

【例】He leads a dissolute lifestyle.

【近】rakehell

insolence /ˈɪnsələns/

【释】n. 傲慢；无礼 (an offensive disrespectful impudent act)

【例】Pupils could be excluded from school for insolence.

【近】arrogance, haughty

【形】insolent

bashful /ˈbæʃfl/

【释】adj. 羞怯的 (reluctant to draw attention to oneself; shy)

【例】Don’t be bashful about showing others what you can do.

【近】shy, timid, nervous

【反】bold, confident

effervescent /ˌefərˈvesnt/

【释】adj. 兴奋的，活跃的 (showing liveliness or exhilaration)

【例】an effervescent blonde actress.

【形】effervescence

limber /ˈlɪmbər/

【释】v./adj. (使变得)柔软的 (readily adaptable)

【近】supple, flexible

【释】v. 热身 (warm up)

【例】The violist limbered her wrists before the concert.

satiric /səˈtɪrɪkl/

【释】adj. 讽刺的 (exposing human folly to ridicule)

【例】a satiric story about the movie business

【近】ironical

parabola /pəˈræbələ/

【释】n. 抛物线

inchoate /ɪnˈkoʊeɪt/

【释】adj. 开始的；早期的 (not completely formed or developed yet)

【例】a vague inchoate idea

【近】initial, infant

actuate /ˈæktʃueɪt/

【释】v. 开动；促使 (put in motion or move to act)

【例】be actuated by selfish motives

insuperable /ɪnˈsuːpərəbl/

【释】adj. 不能克服的 (impossible to surmount)

【例】an insuperable challenge

【近】insurmountable

fecund /ˈfiːkənd/

【释】adj. 肥沃的，多产的 (able to produce a lot of good or useful things)

【例】It has now become clear how extraordinarily fecund a decade was the 1890s.

【近】fertile

【反】barren

recapitulation /ˌriːkəpɪtʃuˈleɪʃn/

【释】n. 摘要；总结 (summary)

countermand /ˈkaʊntərmænd/

【释】v./n. 取消 (cancel or reverse a previous command)

【例】Orders to blow up the bridge were countermanded.

【近】recall, withdrawal

lionize /ˈlaɪənaɪz/

【释】v. 吹捧；奉为名人 (assign great social importance to)

【例】The press began to lionize him enthusiastically.

enunciation /ɪˌnʌnsiˈeɪʃn/

【释】n. 表明；宣言 (a clear statement)

【例】He made an enunciation of the basic principles of his system.

【近】statement

【形】enunciate

indolence /ˈɪndələns/

【释】n. 懒惰 (laziness)

【例】A general feeling of indolence usually overtakes them during summer vacation.

herbivorous /hɜːrˈbɪvərəs/

【释】adj. 食草的

【例】Cattle are herbivorous animals.

entrain /ˌentreɪn/

【释】v. 乘火车 (take a train)

satiate /ˈseɪʃieɪt/

【释】v. 充分满足 (satisfy to the full)

【例】The dinner was enough to satiate the gourmets.

【近】fulfill, satisfy

recommence /ˌriːkəˈmens/

【释】v. 使重新开始 (begin again)

【例】We recommenced reading after a short nap.

propellant /prəˈpelənt/

【释】n. 推进物 (a fuel that is used to make something go forward)

【释】adj. 推进的

stratus /ˈstreɪtəs/

【释】n. [气象]层云

quitter /ˈkwɪtər/

【释】n. 虎头蛇尾的人，半途而废者 (a person who gives up too easily)

【例】Don’t be a quitter. I know you can do it.

loquacious /ləˈkweɪʃəs/

【释】adj. 健谈的 (tending to talk a great deal)

【例】The normally loquacious Mr. O’Reilly has said little.

beguile /bɪˈɡaɪl/

【释】v. 吸引；诱骗 (charm or enchant, some-times in a deceptive way)

【例】He used his newspapers to beguile the readers into buying shares in his company.

【近】enchant, entrance

camphor /ˈkæmfər/

【释】n. 樟脑

pileup /ˈpaɪlʌp/

【释】n. 累积；混乱 (a large amount of something that has increased gradually over a period of time)

【释】n. 连环相撞 (multiple collisions of vehicles)

largess /lɑːrˈdʒes/

【释】n. 慷慨的赠送；赏赐 (liberality in bestowing gifts)

【例】He relied on the largess of friends after he lost his job.

【近】donation, endowment

misanthrope /ˈmɪsənθroʊp/

【释】n. 厌恶人类者 (person who dislikes humankind and avoids human society)

【例】He was going to join a group of misanthropes, but he disliked all the members.

raconteur /ˌrækɑːnˈtɜːr/

【释】n. 健谈者 (a person skilled in telling anecdotes)

【例】The raconteur mentioned that the quotation was from the Bible.

equilateral /ˌiːkwɪˈlætərəl/

【释】adj. 等边的 (having all its sides of the same length)

【例】an equilateral triangle

verbose /vɜːrˈboʊs/

【释】adj. 啰唆的 (using or expressed in more words than are needed)

【例】Much academic language is obscure and verbose.

【近】lengthy

【反】succinct

avocation /ˌævoʊˈkeɪʃn/

【释】n. 业余爱好 (an activity that you do for interest)

【例】Her avocation is authorship.

flume /fluːm/

【释】n./v. (使用)水槽(引水)(a narrow gorge with a stream running through it)

【例】The complete length of the flume system is about 420 yards.

abash /əˈbæʃ/

【释】v. 使困窘；使羞愧 (cause someone to be embarrassed)

【例】Nothing abashed him, nor was he appalled by the display and culture around him.

【近】embarrass, nonplus

【形】abashment

malevolence /məˈlevələns/

【释】n. 恶意 (the quality of threatening evil)

【例】I have always been aware of a frame of malevolence under his urbanity.

【近】spite, malice

unwonted /ʌnˈwoʊntɪd/

【释】adj. 异常的 (out of the ordinary)

【例】He spoke with unwonted enthusiasm.

【近】unusual, abnormal

irresolute /ɪˈrezəluːt/

【释】adj. 优柔寡断的 (showing or feeling hesitancy)

【例】The worst reason to launch an attack would be a fear of seeming irresolute.

【近】ambivalent, doubtful, uncertain

counterclockwise /ˌkaʊntərˈklɑːkwaɪz/

【释】adj. 逆时针方向的

enervate /ˈenərveɪt/

【释】v. 使无力 (cause (someone) to feel drained of energy or vitality)

【例】The hot weather enervated her.

【近】exhaust, tire, fatigue

torpid /ˈtɔːrpɪd/

【释】adj. 麻木的 (mentally or physically inactive)

【例】a torpid state resembling sleep

【近】lethargic, sluggish, inert, slow

precession /prɪˈseʃn/

【释】n. 运动，旋进 (the act of preceding in time)

sagacious /səˈɡeɪʃəs/

【释】adj. 明智的 (acutely insightful and wise)

【例】He is a sagacious businessman.

【近】wise, perspicacious

timorous /ˈtɪmərəs/

【释】adj. 羞怯的 (timid by nature)

【例】He is a reclusive, timorous guy.

【近】timid, shy

demoralization /dɪˌmɔːrələˈzeɪʃn/

【释】n. 道德败坏；士气消沉 (destroying the moral basis for a doctrine)

【例】His inconsistency resulted in the demora-lization of his staffs.

【形】demoralize

onomatopoeia /ˌɑːnəˌmætəˈpiːə/

【释】n. 拟声法

irretrievable /ˌɪrɪˈtriːvəbl/

【释】adj. 无法挽回的 (impossible to recover)

【例】the irretrievable breakdown of the marriage

importunity /ɪmˈpɔːrtuːnəti/

【释】n. 强求 (insistent solicitation and entreaty)

【例】I began to hate his wheedling importunity.

munificent /mjuːˈnɪfɪsnt/

【释】adj. 慷慨的 (very generous)

【例】She was awed by the munificent beauty of the gift.

immure /ɪˈmjʊr/

【释】v. 禁闭；监禁 (lock up or confine)

【例】He immures himself in a small room to work undisturbed.

【近】confine, encage

relict /ˈrelɪkt/

【释】n. 残遗物

【例】The stone axe is a relict of ancient times.

【近】memento

mockingbird /ˈmɑːkɪŋbɜːrd/

【释】n. 知更鸟

【例】To kill a Mockingbird

faddish /'fædɪʃ/

【释】adj. 流行的；时尚的 (intensely fashionable for a short time)

【例】We ate at a faddish new restaurant.

【近】fashionable, chic

abdicate /ˈæbdɪkeɪt/

【释】v. 退出，退位

【例】The king abdicated in 1936.

【近】resign, retire

【反】be crowned

【释】v. 放弃

【例】The state abdicated all responsibility for their welfare.

【近】give up

【反】accede to, accept

【形】abdication

blow over

【释】平息；消散 (disappear gradually)

breeding /ˈbriːdɪŋ/

【释】n. 饲养；繁殖 (the result of upbringing)

【例】Warm milk is the ideal breeding ground for bacteria.

【形】【释】v. 生育 (动词breed的现在分词式)

caress /kəˈres/

【释】v./n. 爱抚；拥抱 (a gentle or loving touch)

【例】A warm breeze caressed her face.

clipping /ˈklɪpɪŋ/

【释】n. 剪报 (an article that has been cut from a newspaper)

comedown /ˈkʌmdaʊn/

【释】n. 衰落；没落 (decline to a lower status or level)

【例】His defeat was quite a comedown for us.

correctitude /kəˈrektɪtuːd/

【释】n. 端正；得体 (appropriate behavior)

creeping /ˈkriːpɪŋ/

【释】adj. 爬行的 (having a worm-like motion)

【例】at this creeping pace of progress

【释】v. 蹑手蹑脚地走 (creep的现在分词)

criteria /kraɪˈtɪriə/

【释】n. 标准 (a principle or standard by which something may be judged or decided)

【例】The most important criterion for entry is that applicants must design and make their own work.

【近】standard, specification

【形】criterion

crooked /ˈkrʊkɪd/

【释】adj. 歪曲的；不正当的 (not straight; dishonest or immoral)

【例】the crooked business deals

【近】hooked, twisted

cupidity /kjuːˈpɪdəti/

【释】n. 贪婪；贪心 (extreme greed for material wealth)

【例】Her cupidity is well known.

【近】greed

cut back

【释】削减；减少 (make a reduction in)

debark /dɪˈbɑrk/

【释】v. 卸载；下船 (go ashore)

【形】debarkation

denunciate /dɪˌnʌnsieɪt/

【释】v. 谴责；抨击 (strongly criticize)

【例】I denunciate this brutal violence.

【近】denounce, condemn

【形】denunciation

dispirit /dɪˈspɪrɪt/

【释】v. 使沮丧；使气馁 (deprive of morale or enthusiasm)

【例】dispirited by the overwhelming amount of information needed to write the report

【近】deject

disslove /dɪˈzɑːlv/

【释】v. 溶解 (end or disappear)

【例】His kind words dissolved her sadness.

【近】melt, fuse

distillate /ˈdɪstɪleɪt/

【释】n. 蒸馏液

don /dɑːn/

【释】n. 先生，阁下(西班牙语中一种男性称呼)

【释】n. 大学老师(尤指牛津、剑桥的高级教师)

embank /ɪmˈbæŋk/

【释】v. 筑堤防护；围堵 (enclose or confine)

【例】to embank a river

【形】embankment

ennui /ɑːnˈwiː/

【释】n. 厌倦；无聊 (the feeling of being bored)

【例】It sent a wave of ennui through the physics community.

extemporize /ɪkˈstempəraɪz/

【释】v. 即兴表演 (perform without preparation)

facade /fəˈsɑːd/

【释】n.(房屋)临街正面，门面 (front wall or the wall that faces the street)

【近】front

【释】n. 假象 (an outward appearance which is deliberately false and gives you a wrong impression)

【例】They hid the troubles plaguing their marriage behind a facade of family togetherness.

【近】masquerade

forbid /fərˈbɪd/

【释】v. 禁止 (say that (something) is not allowed)

【例】The museum forbids flash photography.

【近】prohibit, inhibit

【形】forbade, forbidden

fungi /ˈfʌŋɡiː/

【释】n. 真菌；霉菌

glowing /ˈɡloʊɪŋ/

【释】adj. 炽热的；热烈的 (shining with a steady light)

【释】v. 发光；发热(动词glow的现在分词形式)

hat trick

【释】帽子戏法(指连入三球)

hispanic /hɪˈspænɪk/

【释】adj. 西班牙(人)的

【例】a group of Hispanic doctors in Washington

impending /ɪmˈpendɪŋ/

【释】adj. 即将到来的 (about to happen)

【例】A smarter grid could warn of impending blackouts.

【近】near, forthcoming

indissoluble /ˌɪndɪˈsɑːljəbl/

【释】adj. 不能分解的 (impossible to destroy, break up, or get rid of)

inefficacious /ˌɪnˌefɪˈkeɪʃəs/

【释】adj. 无用的 (fail to produce a desired effect)

【例】inefficacious medicines

infection /ɪnˈfekʃn/

【释】n. 传染；感染 (the act or result of affecting injuriously)

【例】Poor hygiene can increase the danger of infection.

intemperance /ɪnˈtempərəns/

【释】n. 放纵 (lack of self-control)

【例】Intemperance has always been the number one destroyer of marriages.

【近】indulgence

【形】intemperate

keep track of

【释】记录 (record)

【例】We must keep track of our actions.

long to

【释】渴望 (yearn for)

luminousness /ˈluːmɪnəsnəs/

【释】n. 明亮；清楚 (filled with light)

【形】luminous

magnanimity /ˌmæɡnəˈnɪməti/

【释】n. 宽宏大量；慷慨 (behavior that is kind, generous and forgiving, especially towards an enemy or a rival)

【例】He was the model of magnanimity.

migrator /ˈmaɪɡrətər/

【释】n. 候鸟；移居者

【形】mitigate

monologue /ˈmɑːnəlɔːɡ/

【释】n. 独白 (a long speech by a person)

【例】He went into a long monologue about life in America.

【近】speech, address, lecture

mortgage /ˈmɔːrɡɪdʒ/

【释】n. 抵押

【例】mortgage loan

nagging /ˈnæɡɪŋ/

【释】adj. 挑剔的；唠叨的 (finding fault incessantly)

【释】v. 挑剔；唠叨(动词nag的现在分词形式)

【例】She had stopped nagging him about being late.

overexertion /ˌoʊvəɪɡˈzɜːrʃn/

【释】n. 用力过猛；努力过度

【形】overexert

palpable /ˈpælpəbl/

【释】adj. 明显的 ((of a feeling or atmosphere) so intense as to seem almost tangible)

【例】a palpable sense of belief

【近】obvious, evident

palliate /ˈpælieɪt/

【释】v. 减轻；缓和 (lessen or relive)

【近】moderate, allay

premeditate /ˌpriːˈmedɪteɪt/

【释】v. 预谋 (think out or plan beforehand)

【形】premeditation

plough /plaʊ/

【释】n./v. (=plow)犁 (turn up the earth with a plow)

【例】The fields were being ploughed for winter wheat.

【近】cultivate

quivering /ˈkwɪvərɪŋ/

【释】adj. 颤抖的 (a shaky motion)

【例】He is quivering with anger.

【近】trembling, vibrating

【释】v. 颤抖(动词quiver的现在分词形式)

ragged /ˈræɡɪd/

【释】adj. 衣衫褴褛的；破旧的 (old and torn)

【例】a pair of ragged shorts

【近】shabby

reacquaint /ˌriːəˈkweɪnt/

【释】v. 重新认识；重温 (make familiar anew)

【例】reacquaint myself with this program

reduce to

【释】减少到；下降至

refashion /rɪˈfæʃn/

【释】v. 重做；重新设计 (redesign)

resigned /rɪˈzaɪnd/

【释】adj. 顺从的 (be obedient to)

【例】He is resigned to the noise, the mess, the constant upheaval.

【释】v. 辞职(动词resign的过去分词形式)

【例】Mr. Robb resigned his position last month.

revival /rɪˈvaɪvl/

【释】n. 复活；再生 (restoration)

【例】revival of interest in folk music

rousing /ˈraʊzɪŋ/

【释】adj. 鼓舞人心的 (inspring)

【例】a rousing news

self-absorption /ˌself əbˈsɔːrpʃn/

【释】n. 聚精会神；自私自利

self-deluding /ˌself dɪˈluːdɪŋ/

【释】adj. 自欺欺人的

self-propelled /ˌself ˈprəpeld/

【释】adj. 自力推进的

self-righteous /ˌself ˈraɪtʃəs/

【释】adj. 伪善的；自以为是的 (excessively or hypocritically pious)

set forth

【释】提出；陈述 (state, express or utter)

soak into

【释】渗入 (permeate through)

【例】to soak into the soil

smother /ˈsmʌðər/

【释】v. 使窒息；抑制 (suffocate)

【例】I went out of the meeting room; the atmosphere there smothered me.

Spartan /ˈspɑːrtn/

【释】adj. 斯巴达式的；简朴的 (very simple lifestyle)

【释】n. 勇士 (brave person)

spring up

【释】涌现；出现 (appear)

subtract /səbˈtrækt/

【释】v. 减去 (take away from another to calculate the difference)

【例】Please subtract a quarter of the money for your own use.

【反】add

【形】subtraction

take credit for

【释】归功于；因…受到好评 (own to)

taper /ˈteɪpər/

【释】v. 逐渐减少；逐渐变弱 (diminish gradually)

tiptoe /ˈtɪptoʊ/

【释】v./adj. 踮着脚走(的)

top-notch /tɑːpnɑːtʃ/

【释】adj. 出众的；拔尖的 (of the highest quality)

unbundle /ˌʌnˈbʌndl/

【释】v. 分类交易；分类定价

untangle /ˌʌnˈtæŋɡl/

【释】v. 解开；解决 (find the solution)

【例】The problem took three hours to untangle.

wind up

【释】收尾；结束 (end up with)

zombify /'zombɪfaɪ/

【释】v. 使呆板；使愚蠢

supernovae /ˌsuːpərˈnoʊvə/

【释】n. 超新星

thymus /ˈθaɪməs/

【释】n. 胸腺