第4章 Abstract

It is the first book which compares the Ecological Marxism with Marxism. Taking ecological crisis as the breakthrough point, this book has carried on the comprehensive study on the topic of Ecological Marxism and Marxism from multi-dimension including man and nature, and capitalism and ecological crisis, socialism and ecological crisis. Ecological Marxism is the development of Marx-ism and its methodology（reconstruction）. Based on the basic principles and methods of Marxism, the book has given the analysis and comment of the theo-ry and methodology of Ecological Marxism.

The theory of relationship between man and nature of Ecological Marxism inherited and developed the theory of the relationship between man and nature of Marxism. It provides reference and inspiration for us to re-think of the con-temporary "reasonable" relationship "between man and nature" in face of the global ecological crisis.

Ecological Marxism which grasps the essence of the problem and beyond some of contemporary ecology theory takes the capitalist system as the main culprit of ecological crisis. But Ecological Marxism exaggerated the role of ecological crisis in the capitalist crisis theory. It replaces the economic crisis of the Marxism theory of crisis with ecological theory.

Envisaged by Marx and Engels, the essence of socialism is to achieve the overall development of man, and get a harmonious development between man and nature, that is a real ecological socialism society. Although the Soviet U-nion, China and other socialism countries produced a serious ecological crisis as the capitalism did, these kinds of societies have essentially different ecological crisis. The ecological crisis of capitalism is the inevitable result of the capitalist sys-tem and its mode of production. The socialism system and its mode of produc-tion does not necessarily produce the ecological crisis.

The methodology and theory of Ecological Marxism is useful for us to think and solve the global ecological problems. For example, it provides a theoretical study of inspiration, guidance, interest and the theory innovation. It also provides a valu-able reference for the theory construction of new Marxism.However, we have to a-nalysis critically the method and theory of Ecological Marxism.