◇　名词、冠词

1. Apparently, the advertising ______ of the big casinos is working because the hotels are close to being 90% occupied.

A. strategic

B. strategy

C. strategize

D. strategical

【答案】B

【解析】空格处单词与advertising构成复合名词，同时被定冠词修饰，因此应填入名词。advertising strategy意为“广告策略”。故选B。apparently显然地。work成功，顺利。occupy占领，占据(场所等)。strategy战略。

2. Although ______ are underway between the two countries, it is doubtful that a mutually beneficial trade agreement will be established.

A. reasons

B. negotiations

C. requirements

D. policies

【答案】B

【解析】空格部分表示“协商正在进行”。Negotiation意为“协商，谈判”，在此处符合句意，故选B。underway进行中。doubtful怀疑的。mutually互相地。beneficial有益的。agreement协定。establish建立。reason理由。requirement要求，条件。policy政策。

3. In the 1980s, when deficits soared, real interest rates decreased sharply along with ______.

A. inflate

B. inflating

C. inflation

D. inflated

【答案】C

【解析】空格位于介词后面，因此空格出需要填入名词。Inflation意为“通货膨胀”，符合句意，故选C。当名词与动名词同时存在时，名词优先于动名词，故B项错误。deficit赤字。soar猛涨。real interest rate实际利率。sharply急剧地。 inflate(物价等)上升，(通货)膨胀。

4. A Lisboa Ltd. spokesman has said that Lisboa would take legal action against Beta AG, seeking total ______ for the loss.

A. compensation

B. commodity

C. compilation

D. complication

【答案】A

【解析】空格部分表示“对损失要求赔偿”。compensation赔偿。commodity日用品。compilation编辑。complication复杂性。故选A。take legal action against对…采取法律行动。compensation赔偿。commodity日用品，必需品。compilation编辑，编纂。 complication复杂性。

5. The ______ of heavy equipment should be left to professionals because of the safety regulations.

A. operate

B. operation

C. operated

D. operator

【答案】B

【解析】句意：按照安全规则，重机械应由专业人员操作。空格前定冠词the，后有介词of，应填入名词，且此处意为“重机械的操作”，应选择operation。

6. Domestic financial institutions should participate more actively in the capital market, where foreign investors have a virtual ______.

A. monopoly

B. monopolize

C. monopolizing

D. monopolist

【答案】A

【解析】空格位于形容词virtual后面，同时充当have的宾语，因此应填入名词。monopoly垄断。monopolist垄断者。monopoly符合句意，故选A。domestic国内的。financial institution金融机关。participate in参与(参加)…。capital资本。virtual事实上的。

7. We can now afford to pay all the fees associated with the international ______ in advance of the deadline.

A. reputation　

B. specialty　

C. directory　

D. expansion

【答案】D

【解析】句意：随着国际业务扩张，我们可以提前偿还所有费用。此处expansion表示“业务拓展”。故选D项。

8. New ______ designed to reduce costs and increase efficiency have brought about encouraging results.

A. regulations

B. regulator

C. regulate

D. regulatory

【答案】A

【解析】空格位于形容词new后面，同时位于分词designed前面，因此空格处只能填入名词regulations。故选A。 efficiency效率。bring about带来(结果)。encouraging鼓励的。regulations(一般为复数)规则，规章。regulator调整者，管理者。 regulate规定。regulatory管理的。

9. The Applied Engineering Museum holds the greatest ______ of pre-19th century building materials and implements in the world.

A. opposition

B. collection

C. placement

D. merchandise

【答案】B

【解析】句子表示“博物馆有最好的收藏品”。opposition反对。collection积聚；收藏品。placement布置。merchandise商品。根据句意，故选B。 building materials建筑材料。implement工具，器具。0pposition反对，对立。collection收集(品)。placement配置。merchandise商品。

10. The successful candidate must be able to communicate with people of diverse ethnic backgrounds with patience and ______.

A. respect

B. respectable

C. respecting

D. respectfully

【答案】A

【解析】空格和patience一起充当介词with的宾语，因此空格处应当填入名词，故选A。 successful candidate合格者。diverse各种各样的。ethnic人种的。patience忍耐。 respectable值得尊敬的。

11.The uniform adds a sense of ______ to the work place.

A. sophistication

B. sophisticated

C. sophisticate

D. sophisticates

【答案】A

【解析】句意：员工穿制服使办公场所具有一种专业氛围。空格处做介词of的宾语，应填入名词。sophistication干练；世故；复杂。

12. If you are not planning to take your personal ______ with you, you can leave them with the tour bus operator for safekeeping.

A. beliefs

B. qualities

C. arrangements

D. belongings

【答案】D

【解析】根据主句交给司机保管可知空格处表示“个人所有物”，belongings意为“财产，所有物”，故选D。qualities品质，素质。arrangements安排，整理。personal个人的。leave A with B将A交给B负责。operator操作者。

13. The ______ released today show a close-up view of an electric blue aurora taken by the new Hubble Space Telescope.

A. garments

B. images

C. concepts

D. similarities

【答案】B

【解析】空格处的单词表示telescope产生的事物。images意为“图像”，符合句意，故选B。release公开。 electric blue铁青色。telescope望远镜。 garment服装。concept概念。similarity相似(点)。

14. An accident of this magnitude could easily bring the factory’s production to a ______.

A. block

B. quit

C. stay

D. halt

【答案】D

【解析】句意：一次这么重大的事故很容易导致工厂停产。根据句意，此处表示“停止”，选项中只有D项符合题意。bring…to a halt意为“使…停止”。

15. KGD’s chief executive officer expected massive layoffs of workers and a ______ in managerial positions as a result of the merger.

A. reduce

B. reducing

C. reductive

D. reduction

【答案】D

【解析】空格处单词被冠词a 修饰，因此空格处只能用名词，故选D。chief executive officer(CEO)即“首席执行官，总裁”。 massive layoff大规模裁员。managerial position管理职位。 merger合并。reductive减少的，削减的。 reduction减少，削减。

16. Considering the time ______, we will have to combine the employee awards with the closing ceremony.

A. obstacles

B. inhibitions

C. constraints

D. curbs

【答案】C

【解析】空格处单词与前面的time搭配使用，选项中能和time相呼应的单词为constraints，表示“时间限制”，故选C。 considering考虑…。combine使结合。award颁奖(礼)。obstacle障碍(物)。inhibition禁止。curb抑制。

17. The donation is a good representation of GN Labs’continuing ______ to assist local colleges in developing advanced technology programs.

A. remittance

B. commitment

C. motivation

D. speculation

【答案】B

【解析】句子表示“GN研究所对地方大学持续无私的援助”，remittance汇款。commitment献身。motivation动机。speculation猜测。符合句意的只有commitment，故选B。donation捐赠(品)。representation表现。assist援助。 advanced先进的。commitment to献身…。 remittance汇款(额)。motivation动机。 speculation猜测。

18. Those applying for a driver’s license should present the necessary forms and the $15 application ______ to the Department of Motor Vehicles.

A. fare

B. cost

C. fee

D. expense

【答案】C

【解析】句子表示“15美元的申请费”， fare意为“票价，车费”，fee意为“收费，手续费”等。cost意为“费用，成本”，expense意为“(支出的)费用，花费”，只有fee放在这里最合适，故选C。apply for申请。present提出。form(文件的)格式，样式。application申请书。

19. With the views of a spectacular ______, Hudson Getaway is considered one of the top mountain lodges in the country.

A. technology

B. landscape

C. adventure

D. temper

【答案】B

【解析】句意：从Hudson Getaway可以看到壮丽的景象，因此它被认为是国家的高山小屋之一。Landscape表示“自然景观，风景”，符合句意，故选B。view前景。spectacular壮观的。consider认为，把…看做…。lodge住宿设施，旅馆。

20. Sancola Inc., the world-famous soda manufacturing firm, is proud to announce the ______ of a new line of refreshing beverages.

A. merger

B. ability

C. release

D. surplus

【答案】C

【解析】句意：世界著名苏打水制造公司自豪地宣布一种新饮料上市了。release意为“(新产品的)上市”，符合题意，故选C。merger 合并。surplus盈余。manufacturing制造(业)。be proud to do很自豪地做…。refreshing清凉的。

21. The ______ of the security initiative was weakened by both major errors in judgment and an inability to respond to unanticipated situations.

A. purpose

B. accomplishment

C. execution

D. liability

【答案】C

【解析】句意：保安计划的实行被判断的重大失误和无法回应突发情况减弱了。因此空格处表示“实施，执行”，故选C。accomplishment完成。liability责任。initiative主动。major主修的，成年的。unanticipated不曾预料到的。

22. All of the conference ______ will be met at the train station by one of the company’s representatives.

A. participants

B. tenants

C. occupants

D. characters

【答案】A

【解析】句意：公司的代表之一将在火车站迎接所有的参会者。根据句意，此处意为“所有的参会者”，选择A。tenant房客，承租人。occupant占有人，居住者。character品质；特性；角色。

23. After careful review of both companies’ employment offers, Ms. Costello found significant ______ between them.

A. differ

B. different

C. differences

D. differently

【答案】C

【解析】空格处单词被形容词significant修饰，并且位于介词 between前，因此应填入名词。故选C。significant differences意为“巨大的差异”。 review 检查。significant相当大的，重要的。differ不同。difference差别。

24. With the new regulations, travelers can expect even longer delays on their way through ______ at Birmingham Airport.

A. customer

B. customs

C. custody

D. custodian

【答案】B

【解析】句意：新条例规定旅客在Birmingham Airport通过海关时可以延长时间。custom复数形式表示“海关”，故选B。custody保管；监护。regulation法规。delay延迟。on one’s way在…的过程中，在…期间。

25. A poll of over 25,000 certified teachers has revealed that more than three quarters of them report high job ______.

A. satisfaction

B. satisfactory

C. satisfy

D. satisfying

【答案】A

【解析】考查复合名词job satisfaction，意为“工作满意度”，句子表示“表现出较高的工作满意度”，故选A。poll舆论调查。certified公认的，有保证的。

26. Ms. Arroyo says that when workshop ______ begins to slow down, it may be time to hire more workers.

A. product

B. producer

C. produce

D. productivity

【答案】D

【解析】空格处的单词要与动词词组slow down搭配，因此主语应表示“工厂生产力”，故选D。productivity生产力。

27. Although Mr. Jacobs is extremely talented, the recruitment committee is reluctant to hire him because he has no formal ______.

A. qualifications

B. documents

C. conditions

D. procedures

【答案】A

【解析】句子表示“他不符合基本资质要求”，qualification资格；资格条件，与formal搭配构成固定短语formal qualifications，意为“专业资格”。故选A。be reluctant to do做…很吃力，勉强做…。formal正式的。

28. It is federal law that any qualified job applicant, regardless of ______, should be given a fair chance at employment.

A. aged

B. ageless

C. age

D. aging

【答案】C

【解析】空格位于介词后面，因此空格处要填名词，句子表示“不论年龄”，故选C。aging意为“老化”，不符合句意。 federal law联邦法。 qualified有资格的。applicant申请人。 regardless of不顾…。

29. If you have not received ______ your order within two business days, please contact our customer service center.

A. confirmation

B. resignation

C. preparation

D. expectation

【答案】A

【解析】句意：没有收到和订购有关的确认信息时，联系顾客服务中心。confirmation与order搭配时意为“订单确认书”。故选A。business day营业日，平时（指一周中的办公时间）。contact联系。

30. The local company will be the main ______ of the legal change encouraging more competition in the utilities market.

A. legislator　

B. distributor　

C. beneficiary　

D. employee

【答案】C

【解析】句意：在鼓励公共市场竞争的法律变化中，当地公司是主要受益者。beneficiary意为“受惠者，受益者”，符合句意，故选C。local地方性的，当地的。legal法律的。encourage鼓励，激励。competition竞争。

31. The accounting team uses an advanced spreadsheet software program to list company ______ by department.

A. diagrams

B. expenditures

C. applications

D. insights

【答案】B

【解析】句子表示“将公司经费以部门为单位整理出来的程序”。expenditure支出；经费。符合句意，故选B。advanced最新的。spreadsheet(电脑)空白表格程序。list罗列。

32. The ______ party attacked Mr. Cortenza all week over the scandal involving the funds missing from the ministry’s budget report.

A. consideration

B. intensity

C. opposition

D. limit

【答案】C

【解析】句意：过去一周，反对党就部长预算报告中丢失资金的丑闻对Mr. Cortenza 进行攻击。复合名词opposition party意为“在野党，反对党”。故选C。party政党。involve牵涉。funds基金。missing失踪的。ministry政府部门。

33. The dean will soon give us official notification of the new ______ for the two-day seminar on economic reform.

A. disorder

B. product

C. venue

D. announcement

【答案】C

【解析】句子表示“为期两天的研讨会的新地点”。 disorder混乱。venue开幕地点，演出地点。announcement宣布；通告。venue最符合句意，故选C。dean学院院长，系主任。official正式的。notification公告，通知。economic reform经济改革。

34. ______ at the staff meeting this afternoon is mandatory for all salespeople going on the business trip next week.

A. Attention

B. Attendance

C. Attendant

D. Attending

【答案】B

【解析】句子表示“出席职工大会”，attendance出席；到场。在此符合句意，故选B。动名词attending后直接跟宾语，因此是错误的。 mandatory for关于……的义务。salespeople销售人员，营业员。

35. The insurance provider states in its ______ that it will reimburse recipients for invalid checks.

A. relations

B. policies

C. issues

D. customs

【答案】B

【解析】空格部分表示“条款中明示了…”。policy保险条款，在此符合句意，故选B。insurance保险。reimburse A for B因B向A偿还…。recipient接受人，收款人。invalid无效的。

36. The CEO wants to meet with the ______ who are going to help refurbish the new offices over the next few weeks.

A. presenters

B. amenities

C. acquisitions

D. contractors

【答案】D

【解析】who后面的定语从句修饰空格处单词。根据从句句意“帮办公室装修”可知空格处单词意为“装修公司或人等”。 Contractor意为“外包公司”，presenters意为“发表者，颁奖人”，故选D。help(to)do对做…有帮助，有助于。refurbish刷新。

37. According to recent reports, the number of ______ in Allenton is expected to double by the year 2010.

A. manufacturers

B. manufacturing

C. manufactured 

D. manufactures.

【答案】A

【解析】空格部分表示“Allenton的制造商数目”。manufacturer制造商，符合句意，故选A。manufacturing制造业。manufacture制成品。二者都不符合句意。according to根据…。the number of……的数量。expect Atoido预计、期望A做。

38. Due to the high ______ of consumer complaints, the board finally decided to order a recall.

A. capacity

B. power

C. volume

D. content

【答案】C

【解析】volume意为“数量，大量”，high volume of在此处表示顾客投诉的数量很大。故选C。 complaint抱怨，不满。recall回收(有缺陷的产品)。

39. It is always advisable to take the necessary ______ when dealing with chemicals on the factory floor.

A. assurance

B. restrictions

C. adherence

D. precautions

【答案】D

【解析】take precautions为惯用表达，意为“采取预防措施”，故选D。assurance 保险。restrictions限制规定。adherence坚持。三者均不符合句意。

40. For a free ______ on our consulting rates, or further information on building compliance codes, visit any Rex Construction branch.

A. numeral

B. notice

C. quote

D. quantity

【答案】C

【解析】空格处为free修饰的名词，表示“对咨询费的概算”，quote开价；引证，符合句意，故选C。consulting咨询(为企业提供的咨询服务)。rate费用，价格。further更多。compliance遵守，顺从(规则、命令等)。code规则。

41. Raw material costs have risen so much that many companies have been forced to drastically revise their profit ______.

A. pressure

B. construction

C. projections

D. nominations

【答案】C

【解析】空格处单词与profit搭配使用。相呼应的关系，projections意为“预测，估计”，与profit搭配最合适，故选C。nomination提名。 raw material原料。force强迫。drastically彻底地。pressure压力。nomination提名。

42. Vadmun Plumbing Supplies apologizes for any ______ caused by the delay in your shipment of adhesive materials.

A. boundary

B. consensus

C. exception

D. inconvenience

【答案】D

【解析】空格部分表示“因为递送推迟所带来的不便”。inconvenience不便；麻烦，符合句意，故选D。apologize for为…道歉。delay延迟。shipment装船，出货。adhesive带黏性的。

43. The author agreed to include the groundbreaking article from the scientific ______ in the appendix of his new book.

A. calculation

B. periodical

C. containment

D. publicity

【答案】B

【解析】分析句意可知空格部分修饰名词article，表示article的出处。periodical意为“杂志，定期刊物”，符合题意，故选B。publicity意为“宣传，广告”，在此不符合句意。include使包含。groundbreaking开创性的。appendix附录，附属物。

44. If you have any ______ about the products on display, one of our salespeople will be happy to assist you.

A. incidents

B. instances

C. inquiries

D. innovations

【答案】C

【解析】inquire询问；打听，符合句意“对产品的咨询事项”，故选C。instances常用于instance of，意为“实例的”，innovation常用innovation in搭配。product产品。on display陈列的。assist帮助。

45. After six months in the job ______, Ms. Stevenson was finally able to get employment as a salesclerk at Henleys.

A. department

B. feature

C. location

D. market

【答案】D

【解析】考查复合名词job market，意为“求职市场，人力市场”，故选D。employment雇佣。salesclerk商店里的店员

46. Ms. Perez is the only member of the University’s foreign languages faculty to have any experience as a ______.

A. translate

B. translator

C. translation

D. translating

【答案】B

【解析】句子的主语是Ms. Perez，空格处只能填表示人宾语。translator翻译家，故选B。 faculty(集合的)教授阵营，(大学)教职员。

47. Although the pedestrian had suffered a painful collision with the vehicle, his ______ in the hospital has been remarkably quick.

A. recovery

B. reuse

C. retrieval

D. restriction

【答案】A

【解析】前半句表示遭遇了交通事故，后半句应表示恢复健康。recovery意为从疾病或伤害中“恢复”，符合题意，故选A。reuse重新使用。retrieval取回；找回。Restriction约束。pedestrian步行者。collision with……外的冲突。vehicle车辆。remarkably令人吃惊地。

48. The Save the Planet Foundation arranges regular ______ and teleconference to discuss ways to preserve ecosystem.

A. gatherings

B. gathered

C. gathers

D. gather

【答案】A

【解析】空格被前面的修饰，和and后面的teleconference并列，为“名词+and+名词”结构，故空格处应为名词，选择A。gathering聚会。arrange安排，计划。preserve保护，保存。ecosystem生态系统。

49. We had great ______ in announcing that Mr. Nelson will be joining our research team from next month.

A. pleasure

B. pleasing

C. pleasant

D. pleasurable

【答案】A

【解析】句意：我们很高兴地宣布，下个月纳尔逊先生将加入我们的研究小组。空格处字句中作had的宾语，且空格前面有形容词great修饰，应填入名词。

50. Before calling the technical help center, please consult the troubleshooting checklist in the owner’s ______.

A. manual

B. directory

C. file

D. document

【答案】A

【解析】句意：在寻求技术中心帮助前，请参阅说明产品修理要领的手册。空格处有“手册”的意思，因此选择manual，A项为正确答案。 troubleshooting解决问题。 directory地址簿，电话簿。file文件夹，(已经整理好的)档案。