TPO 3

阅读解析与听力预测

总论：

画不是R的。× R's 听力肯定说是R的。后文肯定是三个理由支持这个观点，所以是典型的观点理由型文章，听听力时注意是反驳证据还是反驳逻辑。

理由1：

R很注意细节，而此画中帽子的朴实与带皮草领子的外套的奢华不搭。dress - servant linencap vs. lux coat, R-detail 很难反驳事实，所以不好说画上没有这两个东西，也不好说R不重视细节；所以，最有可能说“画面上看到这两个东西”和“R关注细节”不矛盾。

理由2：

光影也不搭，脸上有下面反上来的光，但下面的毛领子不反光。light, shadow × , faceilluminate below, below dark 很难反驳画上的事实，所以估计只能说“上面的亮”和“下面的暗”不矛盾。

理由3：

画板是拼装的，但R不拼装画板。paint on panel, woodtogether, R - × glue panel 还是很难反驳事实，所以估计只能说这些不矛盾。

听力解析

Everything you just read…is true，这里其实已经暗示出了听力的反驳策略了，听力不可能攻击阅读给出的证据，只能说这些证据不充足。after …re-examination…recently concluded… indeed…rembrandt，这是预期之中的，还是要说是R的，不需要记录，是废话。无需笔记

First，准备听土鳖的帽子和昂贵的外套。X-rays… shown …collar wasn't…original painting，基本不用听了，全说清楚了，那毛领子根本就不是原画，那和原画矛盾也无所谓了。painted over the top of the original…100 years after…展开也不意外。Someone probably wanted to increase…value …by making it …a formal portrait of an aristocratic lady，继续展开，添加这个领子是为了让画增值，所以要把人画得更正式一点，贵族一点。fur collar × original, 100 after painted over, increase$, aristocrat lady

♦ 本段逻辑梳理：帽子与外套的矛盾根本不是问题，因为研究显示外套领子根本就是后来加的，为了让原画更正式，这样可以卖得更贵。

Second，准备听光影。Once…collar was removed, the original could be seen…wearing a simple collar of light-colored cloth，这下说清楚了，跟刚才一个问题，不是原画，原画中那个领子是浅色的，自然就可以反光，就不矛盾了。… reflects light that illuminates… face，这是废话。That's why the face is not in partial shadow，也是废话。So in the original painting，light and shadow are very realistic，and just what we would expect from Rembrandt，也是废话。remove collar → light-colored cloth, reflect light, illuminate face, original -realistic

♦ 本段逻辑梳理：光影的矛盾也不是问题，因为如果后加的领子被去掉，我们会发现原来的画是浅色领子，是可以反光到脸上的。

Finally，准备听画板拼接。when the fur collar was added，the wood panel was also enlarged with extra wood pieces，还是一样的问题，连拼接的画板都是后来加的，基本不用说什么了。glued to the sides and the top to make…more grand and valuable，还是为了增值。So the original…on a single piece of wood是废话。And…wood in the original form…from the very same tree as…another painting…，his Self-Portrait with a Hat，额外的证据，原来的那块板和R的另一幅画的木头来自同一棵树，进一步佐证这幅画是R的。wood - enlarged,glued, make grand, $, original - single piece;from the same tree as another, Self-Portrait with a Hat

♦ 本段逻辑梳理：拼接画板也无法证明这不是R的画，因为拼接的部分是后来人加的，为了增值。而早先画板只是一块木板，并且其木头和R的另一幅画的画板来自同一棵树。

满分范文

The article presents three arguments why a painting of an old lady was not created by Rembrandt，all of which，according to the lecturer，are countered by a recent study.典型的“观点+三个理由”的文章开头。

First, regarding the inconsistency between the humble linen cap and the luxurious coat with the fur collar, the recent study shows that the collar was not a part of the original painting. In fact, someone perhaps added it about 100 years after to increase the painting's value by making the lady in the picture look more aristocratic.

Second，this study also helps the lecturer explain away the seemingly ill-fittedexplain away the seemingly X的用法理解如下：阅读认为是X，但听力认为这只是表象，给出了更本质的解释消除（explain away）这种看法。 light and shadow;once the fur collar was removed，the underneath painting displays a light-colored cloth reflecting light onto and thereby illuminating the face.Clearly，the original painting was done quite realistically.

As for the fact that the panel of the painting was made of pieces of wood glued together, something Rembrandt wouldn't do, the study also shows that the original painting was painted on just one piece of wood. All the others were later glued onto the original to enlarge the frame and thus to make the painting more grand and more valuable. In fact, studies have shown that the original piece of wood was cut from the same tree as the panel of another of Rembrandt's painting, his Self-Portrait with a Hat.

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