第2章 多维数字滤波器设计

多维滤波技术是多维信号处理的一种基本而重要的技术,利用这种技术可以在形形色色的多维信号中提取出所需要的信号,抑制不需要的干扰Bose N K,Editor.Multidimensional Systems:Theory and Applications.IEEE Press,N.Y.,1979.杜锡钰,肖扬,裘正定.多维数字滤波器.北京:国防工业出版社,1995.肖扬.多维系统的稳定性分析.上海:上海科学技术出版社,2003.Xiao Y,Zhang Y K.An Approach of Extracting Object of SAR Based 2-D Hybrid Transform.China’s State Intellectual Property Office,Patent Application No.20091023-7860.6,2009.Xiao Y,Zhang Y K.A Pre-Processing Approach for SAR Echo Denoising Based 2-D Hybrid Transform.China’s State Intellectual Property Office,Patent Application No.2009100083345.7,2009.Xiao Y,Du X Y.Realization of 2-D Leapfrog Digital Filters.China 1991 International Conference on Circuits and Systems,Shenzhen,June 1991,pp.609-612.Xiao Y.Design of three-dimensional (3-D) QMF recursive digital filter banks for HDTV.Proceedings of 1993 IEEE Region 10 Conference on Computer,Communication,Control and Power Engineering,(TENCON '93),1993 ,vol.3:434-437.Liu Z X,Hu S H,Xiao Y,Qu G Z,Kim K S.SAR image target extraction based on 2-D leapfrog filtering.2010 IEEE 10th International Conference on Signal Processing (ICSP 2010),2010,pp.1943-1946.Xiao Y and Unbehauen R.New Stability Test Algorithm for Two-Dimensional Digital Filters.IEEE Trans.Circuits and Systems I,1998,45(7):739-740.Huang T S.Stability of Two-Dimensional Recursive Filters.IEEE Trans.Audio Electroacoust.,Vol.AU-20,pp.158-163,1972.Davis D L.A Correct Proof of Huang's Theorem on Stability.IEEE Trans.on Acoustics,Speech,and Signal Processing,Vol.ASSP-24,No.10,pp425-426,Oct.,1976.Xiao Y.Unbehauen R and Du X Y,Sufficient Conditions of Robust Schur Stability for 2-D Polynomials.Journal of Systems Science and Systems Engineering,Vol.8,No.3,1999,pp.368-374.Xiao Y.Unbehauen R,Du X Y,Schur Stability of Polytopes of Bivariate Polynomials.Proceedings of 6th IEEE International Conference on Electronics Circuits and Systems(ICECS'99),pp.1269-1272.Xiao Y.Schur Stability of Interval of Bivariate Polynomials.Proceedings of IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS2000),2000,pp.I-527-530.。多维滤波器的定义就是设计一算子F,对每个输出值只涉及有限次运算,即将多维信号的傅里叶变换与一多维函数相乘,该多维函数衰减多维信号的某些值(乘以零或一较小的数)而保留或放大其他值(乘以1或一个较大的数)。若多维滤波器的输入、输出都是离散信号,那么该多维滤波器的冲激响应也必然是离散的,即单位抽样响应hn1,…,nM),这样的多维滤波器称为多维数字滤波器。即所谓多维信号的数字滤波实质上是一种运算过程,多维差分方程或多维卷积用于描述多维离散系统输入与输出关系,它们提供了一个简明的运算规则,使它们完成对多维信号的处理。

多维数字滤波器具有可靠性高、精度高、灵活性高等优点。本章将重点讨论多维数字滤波的设计原理,介绍常用的设计方法。本章介绍了与多维数字滤波器设计有关的一维模拟滤波器基础知识,以及一维模拟滤波器的设计方法。