Word List 5

bounce /baʊns/

【释】v. 反弹 (rebound)

【例】The ball bounced.

【近】rally

【释】v. 跳动

【例】The child bounced on the bed.

chop /tʃɑːp/

【释】v. 砍 (cut)

【例】Chop down the tree with an ax.

【释】v. 剁碎 (cut into small pieces)

【例】chop onions

【近】mince

【释】n. 排骨 (a small cut of meat often including a part of a rib)

【例】a pork chop

【用】chop and change 变化无常

entrepreneur /ˌɑːntrəprəˈnɜːr/

【释】n. 企业家 (a person who starts a business)

【近】tycoon

testify /ˈtestɪfaɪ/

【释】v. 证实 (serve as evidence or proof)

【例】He was summoned to testify before a grand jury about his role in the affair.

genre /ˈʒɑːnrə/

【释】n. 种类，风格 (type)

【例】The novel and short story are different genres.

【近】category

cathedral /kəˈθiːdrəl/

【释】n. 大教堂

spill /spɪl/

【释】v. 溢出 (pour out)

【例】I managed to carry three full glasses without spilling a drop.

【近】overflow

【释】n. 跌倒，摔下

【例】have a nasty spill

intimate /ˈɪntɪmət/

【释】adj. 亲密的 (close)

【例】We’re not on intimate terms with our neighbors.

worship /ˈwɜːrʃɪp/

【释】v. 崇拜 (admire, devote oneself to)

【近】venerate

hostile /ˈhɑːstl/

【释】adj. 有敌意的 (unfriendly; antagonistic)

【例】He is hostile to reform.

【近】vicious, venomous

【反】favorable

guilt /ɡɪlt/

【释】n. 负罪感

【例】The police established his guilt beyond all doubt.

【释】n. 罪行

【例】The trial is concerned only with the determination of guilt according to criminal law.

【近】wrong, reproach

【形】guilty

delicate /ˈdelɪkət/

【释】adj. 精美的 (having a beautiful shape or appearance)

【例】the delicate beauty of a snowflake

【近】fine, subtle, dainty

【释】adj. 易碎的 (easily damaged or broken)

【例】delicate china

【近】fragile

【反】durable

devise /dɪˈvaɪz/

【释】v. 设计；发明 (create)

【近】conceive

dash /dæʃ/

【释】v./n. 猛冲；冲击

【例】I dashed out into the street, still in my pajamas.

【近】rush, race, run, bolt

【释】n. 破折号

parade /pəˈreɪd/

【释】n./v. 游行；阅兵

【例】military parades

【近】march, display

soar /sɔːr/

【释】v. 猛增 (increase rapidly)

【例】Air pollution will soon soar above safety levels.

【释】v. 升入高空

【例】The jet soared into the air.

【近】ascend, climb

lawn /lɔːn/

【释】n. 草地，草坪

【近】grass

excessive /ɪkˈsesɪv/

【释】adj. 过度的 (beyond normal)

【例】Excessive consumption leads to excessive enjoyment.

【近】extravagant

receipt /rɪˈsiːt/

【释】n. 收据；收到 (the action of receiving something)

【例】He always paid by credit card and kept the receipts.

【近】arrival, bill

exotic /ɪɡˈzɑːtɪk/

【释】adj. 来自异国的 (foreign)

【反】domestic

【释】adj. 吸引人的

【例】exotic plumage

【形】exotica

glimpse /ɡlɪmps/

【释】n. 一瞥 (see very briefly)

【近】glance

vanish /ˈvænɪʃ/

【释】v. 突然消失 (disappear suddenly)

【例】The child vanished while on her way home from school.

【近】disappear, evanesce, flee, fade

【反】appear, endure, abide

smash /smæʃ/

【释】v. 击碎 (hit something very hard and break it)

【例】Several windows had been smashed.

【近】shatter

chaos /ˈkeɪɑːs/

【释】n. 混乱，混沌 (complete disorder and confusion)

【例】There have been severe floods, bringing chaos to the region.

【近】disorder, upheaval

【反】order

【形】chaotic

furnish /ˈfɜːrnɪʃ/

【释】v. 提供 (provide)

【例】They’ll be able to furnish you with the rest of the details.

【释】v. 装饰

【例】The room is furnished with antiques.

【形】furnishings

disclose /dɪsˈkloʊz/

【释】v. 显露；透露 (make (secret or new information) known)

【例】Most of the people interviewed requested that their identity should not be disclosed.

【近】reveal, impart

【反】conceal

fierce /fɪrs/

【释】adj. 激烈的，猛烈的 (having or displaying an intense or ferocious aggressiveness)

【例】The town was captured after a fierce battle with rebels.

【近】vicious, aggressive

【反】gentle, mild

recipient /rɪˈsɪpiənt/

【释】n. 接受者 (receiver)

【例】welfare recipient

【反】donor

tribute /ˈtrɪbjuːt/

【释】n. 颂词；赞颂

【例】They showed the program as a tribute to the two men.

【近】praise, salute, gift

【反】criticism, condemnation

penetrate /ˈpenətreɪt/

【释】v. 穿透 (pierce)

【例】The mist penetrated into the room.

【近】puncture

【形】penetrating

【用】a penetrating mind/question/thinker

expedition /ˌekspəˈdɪʃn/

【释】n. 远征；探险队 (a journey or excursion)

【例】a scientific expedition to Antarctica

【近】journey, voyage, tour, exploration

dwell /dwel/

【释】v. 居住 (live in)

【近】reside, lodge

【释】v. 沉湎于

【例】I’d rather not dwell on the past.

timber /ˈtɪmbər/

【释】n. 木材 (wood prepared for use)

【近】lumber

exaggerate /ɪɡˈzædʒəreɪt/

【释】v. 夸大 (represent (something) as being larger, greater, better, or worse than it really is)

【例】He tends to exaggerate the difficulties.

【近】overestimate, magnify, amplify

【形】exaggeration

intact /ɪnˈtækt/

【释】adj. 完好无缺的 (undamaged; complete)

【例】The church was destroyed in the bombing but the altar survived intact.

【近】flawless

postpone /poʊˈspoʊn/

【释】v. 推迟；延期

【例】Bad weather forced us to postpone Friday’s game.

【近】delay, reschedule

【反】bring forward

biography /baɪˈɑːɡrəfi/

【释】n. 传记

【近】story, history

【形】autobiography

stiff /stɪf/

【释】adj. 僵硬的 (not easily bent or changed in shape)

【例】The man’s body was as stiff as a board when it was found in the snow.

【近】rigid, inelastic

【反】flexible, limp, supple

hop /hɑːp/

【释】v. 跳跃 (jump)

【例】hop across the river

【近】bounce

flaw /flɔː/

【释】n. 瑕疵 (imperfection; weakness)

【例】The only flaw in his character seems to be a short temper.

【近】defect, fault, deficiency

【反】strength

【形】flawed, flawless

respective /rɪˈspektɪv/

【释】adj. 各自的 (separate; particular)

【例】They are each recognized specialists in their respective fields.

【形】respectively

hybrid /ˈhaɪbrɪd/

【释】n. 混合物 (a mixture)

【例】A mule is a hybrid of a male donkey and a female horse.

【释】adj. 杂交的

【例】a hybrid animal/plant

arch /ɑːrtʃ/

【形】【释】n. 拱，拱门

【近】vault

disposal /dɪˈspoʊzl/

【释】n. 处理，支配

【用】at one’s disposal 供任意使用

【形】dispose

endeavor /in'devər/

【释】n./v. 努力

【例】He endeavored after more fame and wealth.

【近】try, attempt, undertake

suspicious /səˈspɪʃəs/

【释】adj. 怀疑的 (mistrustful)

【例】They became suspicious of his behavior and contacted the police.

【近】doubtful, wary, skeptical, mistrustful

【形】suspicion, suspect

flush /flʌʃ/

【释】v. 冲刷 (clean with water)

【例】Please flush the toilet after you’ve used it.

【释】v. 脸红

【近】blush

drown /draʊn/

【释】v. 淹没 (flood)

【近】submerge, immerse

【用】a drowned rat 落汤鸡

【形】drowning

anchor /ˈæŋkər/

【释】v. 使固定 (fix)

【例】Make sure that the table is securely anchored.

【释】n. 新闻主持人

【释】n. 锚

predecessor /ˈpredəsesər/

【释】n. 前任 (a person who held a job or office before the current holder)

【例】The new president reversed many of the policies of his predecessor.

【近】forerunner, precursor

【反】descendant

contend /kənˈtend/

【释】v. 斗争 (struggle)

【例】Three armed groups were contending for power.

【释】v. 主张 (argue)

【例】I would contend that the minister’s thinking is flawed on this point.

exceptional /ɪkˈsepʃənl/

【释】adj. 不同寻常的 (unusual; not typical)

【例】At the age of five he showed exceptional talent as a musician.

【近】extraordinary

【反】average

fetch /fetʃ/

【释】v. 取来 (go and bring back)

【例】If you throw the ball the dog will fetch it.

【近】get, go for, call for, pick up

appall /əˈpɔːl/

【释】v. 使胆寒 (cause (someone) to feel fear, shock, or disgust)

【例】Defending murderers and thieves would appall them.

【近】shock, dismay, distress, outrage

inspect /ɪnˈspekt/

【释】v. 检查 (look at sb./sth. closely)

【例】They were inspecting my outside paintwork for cracks and flaws.

【近】examine, check, investigate

【形】inspection

fatal /ˈfeɪtl/

【释】adj. 致命的 (causing death)

【近】lethal, mortal, terminal

haul /hɔːl/

【释】v. 拖运；拖拉 (move or carry (something) with efforts)

【例】They hauled the boat up onto the beach.

【近】drag, pull, heave

ferry /ˈferi/

【释】n./v. (乘)渡船 (convey in a ferry or other ship or boat)

【近】ship, transport

summon /ˈsʌmən/

【释】v. 召唤 (authoritatively or urgently call on (someone) to be present)

【例】He was suddenly summoned to Beijing.

【近】call for

compile /kəmˈpaɪl/

【释】v. 汇编 (put together)

【例】We are trying to compile a list of suitable people for the job.

【近】assemble, compose

【形】compiler

distract /dɪˈstrækt/

【释】v. 使分心 (take somebody’s attention away from what they are trying to do)

【例】Don’t distract me from my work.

【近】divert

succession /səkˈseʃn/

【释】n. [生态]演替

【例】ecological succession

【释】n. 继任 (succeeding to a throne)

【例】Divorce would not prevent the Prince of Wales’s succession to the throne.

【释】n. 连续

【例】a succession of wet days

【近】sequence, series, progression

【形】successor

offset /ˈɔːfset/

【释】v. 抵消 (balance one influence against an opposing influence)

【例】Falling sales in Thailand were offset by strong performances in other markets.

【近】counterbalance

grind /ɡraɪnd/

【释】v. 磨碎 (make into powder by rubbing)

【例】The mill grinds wheat into flour.

【近】crush, pound, crumble

【释】n. 艰苦的工作 (steady hard work)

【例】the daily grind

deliberate /dɪˈlɪbərət/

【释】adj. 故意的 (intentional)

【释】adj. 深思熟虑的

【例】She has a slow, deliberate way of talking.

bolt /boʊlt/

【释】n. 闪电，雷电 (a stroke of lightning)

【近】thunderbolt

【释】n. 螺栓，螺钉

【释】v. 冲出，跳出 (move suddenly and rapidly)

【例】She bolted from the room.

unfold /ʌnˈfoʊld/

【释】v. 展开，伸展 (spread open or flat sth. that has previously been folded)

【例】She unfolded her arms.

【释】v. 显露，表明 (gradually make something known to other people)

【例】The audience watched as the story unfolded before their eyes.

【近】open out, reveal

speculate /ˈspekjuleɪt/

【释】v. 猜测 (suppose; guess)

【例】We all speculated about the reasons for her resignation.

【近】conjecture, hypothesize

【形】speculation, speculative

cling /klɪŋ/

【释】v. 坚持，固执；忠于 (hold onto sth. tightly)

【例】The whole party will cling to their leader very determinedly.

【释】v. 紧贴；附着 (attach)

【例】The children clung together under the little umbrella waiting for the storm to pass.

【近】stick, adhere, bond

shatter /ˈʃætər/

【释】v./n. 粉碎 (break suddenly into very small pieces)

【例】The glass shattered into a thousand tiny pieces.

【近】smash, crack, fracture, disintegrate, demolish, pulverize

immense /ɪˈmens/

【释】adj. 巨大的 (extremely large or great)

【例】There is still an immense amount of work to be done.

sacred /ˈseɪkrɪd/

【释】adj. 神圣的 (holy)

【近】religious, spiritual

【反】secular

【用】a sacred cow 神圣之物

trunk /trʌŋk/

【释】n. 树干；躯干

inherent /ɪnˈhɪrənt/

【释】adj. 内在的，固有的

【例】The design of the building had inherent weaknesses.

【近】intrinsic, innate, fundamental

soak /soʊk/

【释】v. 浸泡 (absorb)

【例】I usually soak the beans overnight.

【近】immerse, submerge, dip

【用】soaking wet 全身湿透的

erect /ɪˈrekt/

【释】adj. 竖立的，笔直的 (vertical in position)

【例】She sat erect, listening for her name.

【近】upright, vertical

【反】limp

【释】v. 建造 (build)

【反】demolish

illuminate /ɪˈluːmɪneɪt/

【释】v. 阐明 (help to clarify or explain)

【例】This text illuminates the philosopher’s early thinking.

【释】v. 照亮 (light up)

【形】illuminating, illumination

flock /flɑːk/

【释】n. 群 (group)

【近】herd, throng

【释】v. 群集

【例】In the summer, tourists flock to the museums and art galleries.

conjunction /kənˈdʒʌŋkʃn/

【释】n. 结合 (a joining together: union)

【例】The conjunction of the two major highways creates a massive influx of cars into the city.

【释】n. [语]连接词

【例】Some common conjunctions are “and,” “but,” and “although.”

interference /ˌɪntərˈfɪrəns/

【释】n. 干扰，妨碍 (the action of interfering)

【例】The government’s interference in the strike has been widely criticized.

【近】intrusion, intervention, trespass

alternate /ˈɔːltərnət/

【释】adj. 交替的 (happening or following one after the other regularly)

【例】Stretch up 30 times with alternate arms as a warm-up exercise.

【形】alternation, alternative

clutch /klʌtʃ/

【释】v. 抓住，紧握 (hold onto tightly with your hand)

【例】I had to clutch the counter to keep from falling.

【近】grip, grasp, clasp, cling to

【释】n. 离合器

wit /wɪt/

【释】n. 风趣 (the ability to use words in a clever way to make people laugh)

【例】He is a man of great wit, sensitivity, and passion.

【释】n. 智慧 (the natural ability to perceive and understand)

【近】intelligence, sense, wisdom, acumen

spur /spɜːr/

【释】v. 刺激 (stimulate)

【例】Her difficult childhood spurred her on to succeed.

【释】n. 马刺

【用】on the spur of the moment 一时冲动之下

verdict /ˈvɜːrdɪkt/

【释】n. 裁决，裁定 (a judgment or an opinion)

【例】The jury reached a unanimous verdict of guilty.

【近】decision, finding, resolution, conclusion

chant /tʃænt/

【释】v. 吟唱，诵扬 (say or shout repeatedly in a singsong tone)

【例】The crowd chanted their hero’s name.

cautious /ˈkɔːʃəs/

【释】adj. 谨慎的 (careful to avoid potential problems or dangers)

【例】Companies seem cautious about investing (=are unwilling to invest) money in research and development.

【近】careful, attentive, alert, watchful

【反】reckless

【形】caution

persistent /pərˈsɪstənt/

【释】adj. 坚持不懈的 (persevering)

【例】How do you deal with persistent salesmen who won’t take no for an answer?

【近】resolute

【反】intermittent

accusation /ˌækjuˈzeɪʃn/

【释】n. 指控 (a charge that someone has done something illegal or wrong)

【例】The Minister denied the accusation that she had lied.

【近】allegation, charge, claim

frontier /frʌnˈtɪr/

【释】n. 边界 (a border separating two countries)

【近】boundary

restraint /rɪˈstreɪnt/

【释】n. 限制 (restriction)

【例】The government imposed restraints on smoking.

【近】constraint

verify /ˈverɪfaɪ/

【释】v. 证实

【例】We have no way of verifying his story.

【近】substantiate

【形】verifiable, verification

confrontation /ˌkɑːnfrənˈteɪʃn/

【释】n. 对抗 (the act of confronting)

【例】a military confrontation

passionate /ˈpæʃənət/

【释】adj. 热情的 (having strong emotions or beliefs)

【例】her passionate support for our cause

distort /dɪˈstɔːrt/

【释】v. 扭曲 (pull or twist out of shape)

【例】The current creates magnetic field that weaken and distort the signal.

【形】distortion

maneuver /məˈnuːvər/

【释】n. 巧计，花招 (a clever plan, action or movement)

【例】This was a crafty maneuver to outwit his pursuers.

【释】n. 熟练的动作 (a movement performed with care and skill)

【例】A rapid maneuver by the driver prevented an accident.

wreck /rek/

【释】v. 毁坏 (destroy, damage)

【例】The building had been wrecked by the explosion.

【释】n. 沉船；失事

【形】wreckage

divert /daɪˈvɜːrt/

【释】v. 使偏离 (make somebody/something change direction)

【例】The government is trying to divert more public funds from west to east.

【近】deflect

【形】diversion

aspiration /ˌæspəˈreɪʃn/

【释】n. 渴望 (a strong desire)

【例】He has never had any aspiration to earn a lot of money.

【形】aspire

clarity /ˈklærəti/

【释】n. 清楚 (the quality of being easily understood)

【例】clarity of expression

【近】clearness, lucidity