2．青苗期：20~25分必会句型

此阶段考生需要根据写作中不同的论证需求，掌握基本的、结构简单的一些学术性写作句型。目的不在于将本身的文章语言提升到接近英语母语者写作的水平，而是运用一些简洁的句式将句子本身的逻辑关系展现得更加清晰。这部分分为解释说理句型、对比分析句型、转折让步句型、并列递进句型四个部分，下面分别进行介绍。

（1）解释说理句型

·They will remain productive for a little bit longer, not just because they need to but because they want to and because they can.

他们将长期保持高产（音乐创作），不仅因为他们必须这么做，还因为他们想这么做且可以做到这一点。

·You can't find any true closeness in Hollywood, because everybody does the fake closeness so well.

你很难在好莱坞找到真正的亲密，因为每个人都装作和别人很亲密的样子。

·Subsequent scouts swiftly stopped working, as they were literally cooked by the radiation.

随后的探寻（机器人）很快停止了工作，因为事实上这些探寻机器人被辐射烧坏了。

·Since the Momo uses independent technology and widely available parts, the cost of the launch will be held to less than 50 million yen.

由于Momo使用了独立科技以及广泛可用的零件，发射的成本因此降到了五千万日元以下。

·Republicans have been divided among themselves over healthcare reform, causing uncertainty in one of the largest sectors in the economy.

对医疗改革一事，共和党内部已经产生了意见分歧，并因此给这个经济领域中最大的板块之一造成了不稳定性。

·They are trying to rehabilitate them so that they can live out their remaining years happily.

他们试着恢复正常，这样他们就能够在余生过得更加幸福。

·As a result, investors have started to expect more from utilities in the asset management department.

因此，投资者们已经开始期待更多来自于在资产管理部门应用的回报。

（2）对比分析句型

·Online, familiar names get all the attention and digital real estate, while unknown upstarts get crowded out.

在线上，熟悉的名字会得到所有的关注和数字网络资源，但是同时不出名的新公司将会被挤出局。

·We may not agree on everything, but through debate and discussion — the hallmarks of our parliamentary democracy — ideas can be clarified and improved and a better way forward found.”

我们可能不会对所有事情表示同意，但通过争论和讨论——我们议会民主制的标志——观点会被归类以及改进，并且因此一个更好的方式将会被找到。

·But the most important issue on the agenda, according to the host, Angela Merkel, will be making progress on the Paris agreement, a climate deal that aims to limit global warming to “well below”2°C.

但是根据东道主默克尔，会议议程最重要的问题，是在《巴黎协议》方面取得进步，《巴黎协议》是一份气候协议，目的是将全球变暖限制到2℃以下。

·The new ad type would differ from those that are currently available, this person said.

新的广告类型和现有的广告类型是完全不一样的，这个人说。

·Some visitors compare it to a Greek fishing village, others to a glamorous town on the French Riviera.

有些旅行者将它同希腊的钓鱼村庄进行对比，而另外一些旅行者认为它可以媲美法国里维诶拉的迷人小镇。

·In contrast to the limited approach of cutting expenses, earning more money is virtually limitless.

和减少成本的有限的方法相比，赚更多的钱事实上更容易实现。

（3）让步转折句型

·In contrary to white lies, which refer to well-intentioned lies, such as parents' lies about Santa Claus, black lies refer to malicious lies.

和那些白色谎言——带有善意的谎言，比如父母关于圣诞老人的谎言相反，黑色谎言指的是那些恶意的谎言。

·Although debt levels have almost doubled again since 2013, there is no sign the government is about to unload its vast array of state-owned enterprises.

虽然负债水平从2013年以来几乎再次翻番，但是仍没有任何信号表明政府打算不再负担大批的国有企业。

·It is easier than ever for a garage band to release a tune, but harder than ever to get anyone to listen to it.

对于草根乐队来讲，发布一首曲子比以前要容易很多，但是让人们听到这些歌曲比以前又难得多。

·Though overall numbers are a record 15,000, the cost of a big splash is dawning.

尽管整体的参加人数是15000人，但举办一个大型聚会的成本还是巨大的。

·Even though the garbage patches cover a very large area “they are not that ecologically important”, he said.

即便这些垃圾已经覆盖了很大一片区域，他依旧说“这片区域从生态上来说并不是那么重要”。

·Even if your visit extends only as far as Sydney, don't give up on seeing Australian wildlife.

即便你的旅行只能最远到达悉尼，也不要放弃去看一看澳大利亚的野生环境。

（4）并列递进句型

·Artists will be limited to three songs in the top 100 at any given time, and the formula used to measure the popularity of older hits will be adjusted.

在任何时候，任何艺术家的曲目只会有3首被收录在榜单前100名，并且用于去计算老牌金曲的流行程度的公式将会被调整。

·In some cases, you may not want the client to see the default tag names, either due to message format requirements, or for simply masking the default tag names.

很多时候，你不会希望你的客户看到这些默认的标记名称，无论是由于消息格式的要求，或是仅仅想屏蔽默认的标记名称。

③ And despite Moscow's increasingly close ties with Israel it also has deep-seated relations in the Middle East that run contrary to Israel's security priorities.

并且尽管莫斯科和以色列已经逐渐建立了亲密联系，它和中东地区根深蒂固的关系和以色列的安全战略是背道而驰的。

·In the meantime, humanity's love affair with plastic is unlikely to end soon.

同时，人类对于塑料制品的青睐看来短时间内是很难结束的。

·These changes should let more artists break into the top flight, and give them the most valuable currency of the digital age: the chance to be discovered.

这些改变让更多的艺术家挤到前面，并且给了他们数字时代最有价值的货币：被发现的机会。

·And the rise of digital ads frustrates marketers: ad-blockers, fraud and the difficulty of measuring results are squeezing the industry.

并且数字广告也让广告商变得焦躁不安：广告拦截软件、诈骗广告和衡量广告效果的难度使得广告业的规模也正在收缩。