Fricatives 摩擦音

/f/

fat staff

1-32

下唇轻触上齿，气流由唇齿间的缝隙通过，引起摩擦。/f/是清辅音，声带不振动。

· Fanny cut half a loaf with a fine knife.

· Five dolphins swam to find their fat mother for a few days.

· Fred refused to accept his final defeat.

· Philip will be free after four o'clock in the afternoon.

· I would prefer a face-to-face talk with my friends.

· Here's a photo of me feeding food to an elephant.

· Fed the food to the fluffy guy in the flood a few minutes before.

/v/

everywhere

1-33

发音方式和/f/相同，将上齿固定地放在下唇上，然后较用力，使气流从上齿与下唇的缝隙通过，发出摩擦音。/v/是浊辅音，声带振动。

· She's never been very clever.

· The heavy waves overturned the small vessel.

· David loves his wife very much because she gave him a vest.

· Five vivid pictures are on the brave man's sleeve.

· He has a very high fever.

· He invited you to visit at five past eleven.

· Previously he was obviously envious of my victory.

· The vicious visitors visited the virtual village.

/s/

face sister

1-34

软腭抬起，堵住气流在鼻腔的通道，舌头靠近上齿龈，上下齿靠拢但是不咬住。气流从舌端齿龈间送出，形成摩擦音。清辅音声带不振动。

· My sister likes all kinds of stamps and some seafood.

· Susan made a silly mistake.

· Face your exercise and drink up your juice at once.

· These boys miss the famous sports star.

· Speak less and listen more.

· A still tongue makes a wise head.

/z/

zoom music

1-35

发音部位与/s/相同，发音时舌端靠近齿龈，气流从舌端齿龈间送出，形成摩擦音，声带振动。

· He gave me his zip code and music magazine.

· His arms are used to rising.

· Use the scissors to cut the newspaper.

· Susan is busy in reading magazines.

/θ/

thank think Smeeth

1-36

舌尖轻触上下齿间的缝隙，舌尖也可略微伸出缝隙。气流由舌齿之间的细小缝隙挤出，摩擦发音。声带不振动。

· Something is better than nothing.

· Cathy looks thin this month.

· Anything worth doing at all is worth doing thoroughly.

· Wish you both health and wealth.

· Three Scotch thistles in the thicket.

· Thelma saw thistles in the thick thatch.

· A thin little boy picked six thick thistle sticks.

· Through thicket and bush the thirty thirsty thistles thrust.

· Thus the thug threatened the thoroughly thoughtful theologian.

· Do they think this method is mathematically thoughtful?

· The author's enthusiasm for the theory runs through the whole thick book.

· She likes nothing but the things of clothing and cloth.

/ð/

the these those

1-37

发音方式与/θ/相同，舌尖放在牙齿的缝隙之间，舌尖贴向齿缝，造成气流泻出的阻力变大，从而声带振动。

· That girl is playing with a smooth mirror.

· My mother stands well with my father.

· It is difficult for them to breathe in such cold weather.

· His other brother is talking with his mother.

· This is smoother than that.

· Both of them are healthy.

/ʃ/

show mission

1-38

发音时舌尖向后卷起，双唇收圆凸出，嘴唇开口大小中等，像远处的喷气飞机的声音。翘舌音，声带不振动。

· She should spend her vacation at the season.

· I wish I would have a pair of shoes.

· She sells sea shells on the seashore.

· Shall I show you the shop for shoes and shirts?

· She is not sure about her decision.

· The shirts will shrink after you wash them.

· Shut up and shut the shutters and shoot the shop.

· We surely shall see the sun shines soon.

· I highly appreciate your precious wish that she's a fish in my dish.

· Sheep shouldn't sleep in a shack. Sheep should sleep in a shed.

/ʒ/

usual garage

1-39

发音部位与/ʃ/相同，同样是翘舌音，声带振动，听上去像是有清晰摩擦音的拖长的“日”字。

· It's my pleasure to measure the table.

· Turn down the television, don't listen to the explosion.

· He loves treasure and wants to get all of them in the future.

· I usually wear casual dresses in the garage.

· Measure for measure.

· They occasionally watch television for pleasure.

/r/

free red（美）bar

1-40

发音时舌尖卷起，舌头两侧稍收拢。双唇凸出，气流由舌面上方流出，舌尖卷曲但是不接触任何部位，跟汉字“日”相比，没有摩擦。

· Rose is afraid of crossing the river.

· The boss rejects to reducing the book's price.

· That rich man can't catch the red toy cat.

· The store is just around the corner.

· Real weird rear wheels.

· Do in Rome as Romans do.

· Once upon a moor there dwelt a bear, also a boar. The bear could not bear the boar.

· The boar thought the bear a bore. At last the bear could bear no more of that boar that bored him on the moor, and so one morning he bored the boar—that boar will bore the bear no more.

/h/

hello who

1-41

发音时气流不受阻碍，轻松从声门（即两条声带间的缝隙）通过，形成气流轻微摩擦的声音，声带不振动。

· There was a huge hole in the heel of Harry's stocking.

· When he does his homework, his brother often helps him.

· It's very hard to use his hammer to hit the ham.

· Her home is on a high hill.

· Does he have any hope?

· Her husband has a huge house.