第8章 述而第七

7-1

子曰：“述而不作，信而好古，窃比于我老彭。”

Confucius remarked! “I transmit the old truth and do not originate any new theory. I am well acquainted and love the study of Antiquity.In this respect I may venture to compare myself with our old Worthy Pang.”*

（A famous antiquarian of the time.）

【白话译文】

孔子说：“我只是在传承古老的真理，并没有提出什么新理论。我知晓并热衷研究古代的东西。就这一点而言，我敢把自己比作彭老前辈。”*

（彭老先生在当时而言是一位著名的古人。）

7-2

子曰：“默而识之，学而不厌，诲人不倦，何有于我哉？”

Confucius then went on to say! “To meditate in silence; patiently to acquire knowledge; and to be indefatigable in teaching it to others: which one of these things can I say that I have done?”

【白话译文】

然后，孔子继续说：“在寂静中沉思，耐心地获取知识，将知识传授给别人的时候不觉得厌烦。对于这些事情，我能说我做到了哪一件呢？”

7-3

子曰：“德之不修，学之不讲，闻义不能徙，不善不能改，是吾忧也。”

Lastly, Confucius said! “Neglect of godliness; study without understanding; failure to act up to what I believe to be right; and inability to change bad habits: these are things which cause me constant solicitude.”

【白话译文】

最后，孔子说：“忽视信仰，对学习知之甚少，对认为正确的事情却不能有所行动，有了坏习惯却不能改正：这些都是让我忧虑不安的事情。”

7-4

子之燕居，申申如也，夭夭如也。

But notwithstanding what he said above, Confucius in his disengaged hours was always serene and cheerful.

【白话译文】

尽管孔子说过上面那些话，但他在闲暇的时候，总能保持自在安详，温和舒畅。

7-5

子曰：“甚矣吾衰也！久矣吾不复梦见周公。”

Only once in his old age Confucius was heard to say: “How my mental powers have decayed! For a long time now I have not dreamt, as I was wont to do, of our Lord of Chou.”*

[The Moses or Solon of Chinese history: The Founder also of Confucius'native State, Lu (the England of Ancient China）；a man who combined the piety of St. Augustine and the statesmanship of King Alfred of England.]

【白话译文】

仅在孔子晚年时期，有一次有人听到孔子说：“我的智慧已经枯竭得很厉害了！我现在很久都没能像以前那样，总能梦见周公了。”*

[周公是中国历史上的摩西[69]或梭伦[70]，他也是孔子的祖国鲁国（相当于古代中国的英格兰）的建立者，他将圣奥古斯丁的虔诚信仰和英格兰国王阿尔弗雷德的政治才能完美结合在一起。]

7-6

子曰：“志于道，据于德，依于仁，游于艺。”

Confucius said to his disciples: “Seek for wisdom; hold fast to godliness; live a moral life; and enjoy the pleasures derived from the pursuit of the polite arts.”

【白话译文】

孔子对他的学生说：“探寻智慧，坚守信仰，过道德高尚的生活，享受追求典雅艺术所带来的快乐。”

7-7

子曰：“自行束脩以上，吾未尝无诲焉。”

Confucius remarked! “In teaching men, I make no difference between the rich and the poor. I have taught men who could just afford to bring me the barest presentation gift in the same way as I have taught others.”

【白话译文】

孔子说：“在教育学生的过程中，无论贫穷还是富有，我都会同等对待。就算学生只能送来仅有的极少的拜师礼，我也会像教其他学生一样教他。”

7-8

子曰：“不愤不启，不悱不发。举一隅不以三隅反，则不复也。”

Confucius then went on to say: “In my method of teaching, I always wait for my student to make an effort himself to find his way through a difficulty, before I show him the way myself. I also make him find his own illustrations before I give him one of my own.When I have pointed out the bearing of a subject in one direction and found that my student cannot himself see its bearings into other directions, I do not then repeat my lesson.”

【白话译文】

然后，孔子继续说：“在教学方法上，我通常会在传授学生方法之前，让学生自己努力探索解决难题的办法。同时在我说出自己的想法前，总是让学生去探索自己的想法。当我按照某个方向阐述一个题目的含义时，如果发现学生不能领会其他的含义，那么我不会继续授课。”

7-9

子食于有丧者之侧，未尝饱也。子于是日哭，则不歌。

When Confucius dined in a house of mourning he never ate much. On the same day in which he had occasion to mourn for the death of a friend, the sound of music was never heard in his house.

【白话译文】

每次孔子参加葬礼，在死者家里吃饭从来不会多吃。如果他在同一天参加了朋友的葬礼，回到家绝对听不到音乐的声音。

7-10

子谓颜渊曰：“用之则行，舍之则藏，惟我与尔有是夫！”子路曰：“子行三军，则谁与？”子曰：“暴虎冯河，死而无悔者，吾不与也。必也临事而惧，好谋而成者也。”

Confucius once said to his disciple, the favourite Yen Hui! “To act when called upon to act, in public life, and, when neglected, to be content to lead out a private life: —that is what you and I—we both have made up our minds upon.”

When his other disciple, the intrepid Chung Yu, heard the remark, he said to Confucius: “But if you were in command of an army, whom would you have with you?”

“I would not have him!” replied Confucius! “who is ready to seize a live tiger with his bare arms, or jump into the sea, without fear of death. The man I would have with me would be a man who is conscious of the difficulties of any task set before him, and who, only after mature deliberation, proceeds to accomplish it.”

【白话译文】

有一次，孔子对他最喜欢的学生颜回说：“当国家召唤的时候，就行动起来；当未被召唤的时候，即使能过自己的生活也心满意足——这是你和我——我们都能决心做到的。”

当另一位学生、勇猛的子路听到后，对孔子说：“如果您统帅军队，那么您会和谁一起共事呢？”

孔子回答：“准备赤手空拳活捉老虎的人，不畏死亡去跳海的人，这样的人我是不会和他共同战斗的。和我共同战斗的人，应该是对所面临的任何困难一目了然的人，以及经过谨慎思考而能完成任务的人。”

7-11

子曰：“富而可求也，虽执鞭之士，吾亦为之。如不可求，从吾所好。”

Confucius once remarked! “If there is a sure way of getting rich, even though one had to be a groom and keep horses, I would be willing to be one. But as there is really no sure way of getting rich, I prefer to follow the pursuits congenial to me.”

【白话译文】

孔子曾说：“如果有万无一失的致富方法，就算是做一个马夫去养马，我也愿意。但是，因为确实不存在任何万无一失的致富方法，我宁愿按照自己的意愿持之以恒地做事。”

7-12

子之所慎：齐，战，疾。

There were three cases in life in which Confucius considered a man was called upon to exercise the most mature deliberation: in case of worship, of war and of sickness.

【白话译文】

孔子认为，人生中有三件事情需要谨慎对待：信仰、战争和疾病。

7-13

子在齐闻《韶》，三月不知肉味，曰：“不图为乐之至于斯也。”

When Confucius on his travels was in a certain State he, for the first time, heard played a piece of ancient music (the oldest then known in China）.*Thereupon he gave himself up to the study of it for three months, to the entire neglect of his ordinary food. He was then heard to say! “I should never have thought that music could be brought to such perfection.”

[See chapter III, section 25（p. 92）.]

【白话译文】

孔子周游列国到达某个国家（齐国）时，第一次听到有人弹奏一曲古老的音乐（《韶乐》，当时所知的中国最古老的音乐）*。于是他专心学习这首乐曲三个月时间，以至于彻底忘记了日常喜欢的美食。后来，有人听到他说：“我从没有想过音乐能到达如此美妙的境界。”

（见第三章第二十五节。）

7-14

冉有曰：“夫子为卫君乎？”子贡曰：“诺，吾将问之。”入，曰：“伯夷、叔齐何人也？”曰：“古之贤人也。”曰：“怨乎？”曰：“求仁而得仁，又何怨？”出，曰：“夫子不为也。”

A disciple who was with Confucius on his travels while in a certain State! —speaking of the reigning prince of that State who, while his father was driven to exile, succeeded, on his grandfather's death, to the throne, and was then opposing the attempts of his father to return to the country—said to another disciple: “Is the master in favour of the son, the present ruler?”

“Oh!” replied the other disciple! “I will ask him.”

The other disciple accordingly went in where Confucius was, and said to him: “What kind of men were Po-yi and Shuh-ts'i?”* “They are ancient worthies!” answered Confucius. “But!” asked the disciple! “did they complain of the world?” “No!” replied Confucius. “What they sought for in life was to live a high moral life, and they succeeded in living a high moral life. What had they then to complain of the world?” The disciple then went out and said to the other disciple! “No, the master is not in favour of the present ruler.”

[See note 22，chapter V, section 22（p! 105）.]

【白话译文】

孔子的一位学生（冉有）跟随孔子周游列国到达某个国家（卫国）时，和另一位学生（子贡）谈起该国在位的国君。这位国君的父亲被驱逐出了该国，所以当他的祖父死后，他继承了王位，然后反对他的父亲回国。冉有说：“老师会帮助儿子——这个在位的国君吗？”“哦，”另一位学生（子贡）回答，“我去问问老师。”

另一位学生（子贡）就进入孔子的房间，对孔子说：“伯夷和叔齐*是什么样的人？”“他们是古代的圣人。”孔子回答。“但是，”子贡问道，“他们对社会是否存在怨恨？”“没有，”孔子回答，“他们一生所追求的是道德高尚的生活，而且他们成功地过上了道德高尚的生活。他们对社会还有什么怨言呢？”这位学生（子贡）随后走出来，对另一位学生（冉有）说：“老师不会帮助现在的国君。”

（见第五章第二十二节。）

7-15

子曰：“饭疏食饮水，曲肱而枕之，乐亦在其中矣。不义而富且贵，于我如浮云。”

Confucius remarked! “Living upon the poorest fare with cold water for drink, and with my bended arms for a pillow! —I could yet find pleasure in such a life, whereas riches and honours acquired through the sacrifice of what is right, would be to me as unreal as a mirage.”

【白话译文】

孔子说：“就算过最贫困的生活，喝着凉水，枕着双臂做枕头，我也能在这样的生活中找到乐趣；通过牺牲正义而得到的荣华富贵，对于我来说就像海市蜃楼一样不真实。”

7-16

子曰：“加我数年，五十以学《易》，可以无大过矣。”

Confucius once remarked, after he had begun the study of the I-king!* “If I could hope to live some years more, long enough to complete my study of the I-king, I should then hope to be without any great shortcomings in my life.”

（This book is now known to foreigners as “The Book of Changes!” one of the so-called five Classics in the Chinese Bible.It seems, to us, the book is an attempt at a mathematical or exact scientific statement of mental phenomena and moral problems.It might be called! “The Theory of Fluxions!” applied originally to the actions of physical forces in nature, but now, as it stands! —to the moral forces and intellectual forces in the world.Sir Chaloner Alabaster has published the only intelligible papers on this book, which should be consulted by anyone interested in the subject.）

【白话译文】

有一次，孔子开始研究《易经》*后说：“倘若我可以多活几年，活到足够我完成《易经》的研究，那么在我的人生中就不会有大的遗憾了。”

[《易经》就是现在西方人所知道的The Book of Changes! 是中国古代“五经”之一。对于我们来说，此书尝试用数学和极其精确的科学方法阐释心理现象和道德问题。它或许可以称为The Theory of Fluxions (《流动物理论》），原本用于解释自然的物理能量运动，但是现在却用来解释社会精神力量和道德力量。阿查立爵士仅在他的书中记载了一些容易理解的内容，对这个题目感兴趣的人可做参考。][71]

7-17

子所雅言，《诗》《书》、执礼，皆雅言也。

The subjects upon which Confucius loved to talk were poetry, history, and the rules of courtesy and good manners. He frequently talked on these subjects.

【白话译文】

孔子最喜欢讨论的题目是：诗歌、历史、礼仪规则及良好的行为习惯。他经常讨论这些题目。

7-18

叶公问孔子于子路，子路不对。子曰：“女奚不曰：‘其为人也，发愤忘食，乐以忘忧，不知老之将至云尔。’”

The reigning prince of a small principality asked a disciple of Confucius, the intrepid Chung Yu, to give his opinion of Confucius. The disciple did not say anything in reply.When Confucius afterwards heard of the enquiry, he said to his disciple: “Why did you not say to him thus: 'He is a man who, in the efforts he makes to overcome the difficulty in acquiring knowledge, neglects his food, and, who thus absorbed, becomes oblivious that old age is stealing on him?'”

【白话译文】

一个小侯国的在位国君（叶公[72]）问孔子的学生、勇猛的仲由（子路）对孔子的看法。子路什么也没说。后来孔子听到这件事时，对子路说：“你为什么不这么回答他呢：‘他这个人为了攻克学习中遇到的难题，会废寝忘食；在享受获得知识带来的喜悦时，会忘记人生的悲痛；他学习全神贯注，以至于忘了岁月在悄悄地偷走他的年龄！’”

7-19

子曰：“我非生而知之者，好古，敏以求之者也。”

Confucius remarked! “I am not one born with understanding. I am only one who has given himself to the study of Antiquity and is diligent in seeking for understanding in such studies.”

【白话译文】

孔子说：“我不是一个天生就通晓一切的人，我只是爱好研究古代的东西，并且在研究中勤奋地寻求知识。”

7-20

子不语怪、力、乱、神。

Confucius always refused to talk of supernatural phenomena; of extraordinary feats of strength; of crime of unnatural depravity of men; or of supernatural beings.

【白话译文】

孔子总是拒绝讨论超自然的现象，非凡力量的作用，人性非自然堕落的罪恶，或鬼神等超自然事物。

7-21

子曰：“三人行，必有我师焉。择其善者而从之，其不善者而改之。”

Confucius remarked! “when three men meet together, one of them who is anxious to learn can always learn something of the other two. He can profit by the good example of the one and avoid the bad example of the other.”

【白话译文】

孔子说：“当三个人走到一起的时候，其中那个渴望知识的人总能从另外两个人身上学到一些东西。他可以因为一个人的好榜样而受益，并避免另一个人犯过的错误。”

7-22

子曰：“天生德于予，桓魋其如予何？”

Confucius, on one occasion of great personal danger to his person from an enemy, was heard to say! “God has given me this moral and intellectual power: what can that man do to me?”

【白话译文】

有一次，孔子遭到敌人（桓魋[73]）对自己人身的巨大威胁，有人听到孔子说：“既然上天赐予我道德和智慧的力量，那个人又能把我怎么样呢？”

7-23

子曰：“二三子以我为隐乎？吾无隐乎尔。吾无行而不与二三子者，是丘也。”

But on another occasion Confucius remarked to his disciples! “Do you think, my friends, that I have some mysterious power within me? I have really nothing mysterious in me! —to you, of all others. For if there is anyone who shows to you everything which he does, I am, you know, my friends, that person.”

【白话译文】

但是，又有一次，孔子对他的学生说：“各位，你们认为我身上有某种神秘的才能吗？在你们和其他所有人面前，我确实没有什么令人惊叹的才能。因为，如果有人将他所能做到的任何事情都展现在你们面前，那么，你们知道，我就是那个人。”

7-24

子以四教：文、行、忠、信。

Confucius through his life and teaching taught only four things: a knowledge of literature and the arts, conduct, conscientiousness and truthfulness.

【白话译文】

孔子在一生及教育生涯中，只教四种东西：文学艺术知识、行为准则、正直忠义、诚实守信。

7-25

子曰：“圣人吾不得而见之矣！得见君子者，斯可矣。”子曰：“善人吾不得而见之矣！得见有恒者，斯可矣。亡而为有，虚而为盈，约而为泰，难乎有恒矣。”

Confucius once, speaking of the men and state of the society of his time, remarked! "Holy, sainted men I do not expect to see; if I could only meet with wise and good men I would be satisfied.

“Perfectly honest men I do not expect to see; if I could only meet with scrupulous men I would be satisfied. But in a state of society in which men must pretend to possess when they have really nothing; and pretend to be in affluence when they are in actual want: —in such a state of society, it is difficult to be even a scrupulous man.”

【白话译文】

有一次，孔子谈到当时的百姓和社会状态时说：“我不指望能看到圣洁而德高望重的人，只要能看到聪明善良的君子，我就非常满意了。我不指望遇到真挚诚恳的人，只要能遇到小心谨慎的人就非常满意了。但是在一个弄虚作假，本来没有却假装拥有、本来贫穷却假装富有的社会，要想做一个小心谨慎的人也很难。”

7-26

子钓而不纲，弋不射宿。

Confucius sometimes went out fishing, but always with the rod and angle; he would never use a net.He sometimes went out shooting, but he would never shoot at a bird except on the wing.

【白话译文】

有时候孔子外出钓鱼，却总是带着钓竿和渔钩，而从来不用渔网。有时他外出打猎，却只射正在飞的鸟，而从不射在巢中歇宿的鸟。

7-27

子曰：“盖有不知而作之者，我无是也。多闻，择其善者而从之，多见而识之，知之次也。”

Confucius once remarked! “There are, perhaps, men who propound theories which they themselves do not understand. That is a thing I never do.I read and learn everything and, choosing what is excellent, I adopt it; I see everything and take note of what I see: that is, perhaps, next to having a great understanding.”

【白话译文】

有一次，孔子说：“有些人或许会提出他们自己都不甚理解的理论。我从来不做这样的事情。无论读什么、学什么，我总是选择并采纳最优秀的东西；无论看到什么，我总是把看到的记下来，这样或许会逐渐大彻大悟。”

7-28

互乡难与言。童子见，门人惑。子曰：“与其进也，不与其退也，唯何甚？人洁己以进，与其洁也，不保其往也。”

A certain place was noted for the bad character of the people in it. When Confucius allowed a young man of that place to be presented to him, his disciples were astonished. But Confucius said! “Why should one be too severe? When a man reforms and comes to me for advice, I accept his present reformation without inquiring what his past life has been.I am satisfied if I find that, for the present, he has really reformed, without being able to guarantee that he will not relapse again. But why should one be too severe?”

【白话译文】

有一个地方，因为当地百姓的品质低劣而闻名。有一次，孔子允许这个地方的一个年轻人去拜见他，他的学生都很惊讶。但是孔子说：“为什么要那么苛刻呢？如果有人改正了错误，来找我征求意见，我可以接受他现在的改变，而不必紧抓住他的过去不放。如果我现在看到他确实已经洗心革面，我会感到非常满意，就算不能保证他不会再次误入歧途。但是，为什么要那么苛刻呢？”

7-29

子曰：“仁远乎哉？我欲仁，斯仁至矣。”

Confucius then went on to remark! “Is moral life something remote or difficult? If a man will only wish to live a moral life—there and then his life becomes moral.”

【白话译文】

然后孔子继续说：“道德生活是遥不可及或很困难的事情吗？如果有人只是希望过道德高尚的生活，那么他的生活就会变得道德高尚。”

7-30

陈司败问：“昭公知礼乎？”孔子曰：“知礼。”孔子退，揖巫马期而进之曰：“吾闻君子不党，君子亦党乎？君取于吴，为同姓，谓之吴孟子。君而知礼，孰不知礼？”巫马期以告。子曰：“丘也幸，苟有过，人必知之。”

A minister of justice in a certain State enquired of Confucius, while he was in that State on his travels, if the reigning prince in Confucius'native State was a man of propriety in his life. “Yes!” answered Confucius! “he is.”

After a while, when Confucius had left, the minister beckoned to a disciple of Confucius to approach, and said to him: “I have always been taught to believe that a good and wise man is impartial in his judgment. But now I find it is not so.The reigning prince of your State married a princess from the reigning house of a State whose family surname is the same as that of your prince; and, to conceal the impropriety!*your prince changed her surname in the title given to her at Court.Now if, after this, your prince can be considered a man of propriety in life, who may not be considered so?”

Afterwards when the disciple told Confucius of what the minister said, Confucius remarked! “I am glad that whenever I make a mistake, people always know it.”

（It was and is considered very improper in China for a man to marry not only a first cousin, but even a women whose same family surname with himself, might prove her to be a distant first cousin.）

【白话译文】

当孔子周游列国到达某国（陈国）时，这个国家主管司法的大臣（陈司败）问孔子，孔子故国在位的国君（鲁昭公）在平常生活中是否懂得礼仪。“是的，”孔子回答，“他是个礼仪得体的人。”

过了一会儿，孔子离开后，那位大臣把孔子的一位学生（巫马期[74]）叫到跟前，对他说：“以前经常有人教导我，使我相信聪明而高尚的人在做出判断的时候总是公平公正。但是现在我发现事情并非如此。你们国君从吴国的贵族中迎娶了一位同姓的公主*。而且为了掩盖这种有违礼仪的事情，你们国君改了她的姓，以表示对她的爱慕。既然出现了这种事情，如果说你们国君懂得礼仪，那么还会有谁不懂礼仪呢？”

随后，这位学生把那位大臣的话告诉了孔子。孔子说：“我非常高兴，如果我犯了错，人们一定会知道。”

（在中国，不仅娶表亲会被看作不道德的事情，即便是女子的姓氏和夫家的姓氏相同也不合适，可能说明她和该男子是远房堂兄妹。）

7-31

子与人歌而善，必使反之，而后和之。

When Confucius asked a man to sing, if he sang well, Confucius would make him sing again the same song, accompanying him with his own voice.

【白话译文】

当孔子邀请别人一同唱歌时，如果唱得好，孔子会邀请他再唱一遍，然后跟着他一起唱。

7-32

子曰：“文，莫吾犹人也。躬行君子，则吾未之有得。”

Confucius remarked! “In the knowledge of letters and the arts, I may perhaps compare myself with other men. But as the character of a good and wise man who carries out in his personal conduct what he professes! —that is something to which I have not yet attained.”

【白话译文】

孔子说：“在文字和艺术知识方面，我或许和别人差不多。但是在日常个人行为中展现出聪慧和高尚美德方面，我到目前还没有做到。”

7-33

子曰：“若圣与仁，则吾岂敢？抑为之不厌，诲人不倦，则可谓云尔已矣。”公西华曰：“正惟弟子不能学也。”

Confucius then went on to say! “And as for the character of a holy sainted man or even a moral character! —how should I dare to pretend to that? That I spare no pains in striving after it and am indefatigable in teaching others to strive for it! —that, perhaps, may be said of me.”

A disciple, who heard what was said, thereupon remarked! “That is where we, your disciples, cannot follow you.”

【白话译文】

然后，孔子继续说：“至于圣洁而德高望重的人，或者甚至道德高尚的人，我怎么敢说我是呢！我努力争取做一个道德高尚的人，并在教育他人努力做道德高尚的人方面孜孜不倦，那么或许说的就是我。”

一位学生（公西华）听到后说：“这正是我们这些学生望尘莫及的。”

7-34

子疾病，子路请祷。子曰：“有诸？”子路对曰：“有之。《诔》曰：‘祷尔于上下神祇。’”子曰：“丘之祷久矣。”

On one occasion when Confucius was sick, a disciple asked that he would allow prayers to be offered for his recovery. “Is it the custom?” asked Confucius. “Yes!” replied the disciple! “in the Book of Rituals for the Dead it is written! 'Pray to the Powers above and pray to the Powers below.” '

“Ah!” said Confucius then! "my prayer has been a long—lifelong—one.'

【白话译文】

有一次，孔子生病了，一位学生（子路）问是否可以祷告祝他早日康复。“有这种习俗吗？”孔子问。“有，”子路回答，“《诔》文上是这样写的：‘求天上地下各路神灵保佑。’”“啊，”然后孔子说，“那我此生一直在祷告。”

7-35

子曰：“奢则不孙，俭则固。与其不孙也，宁固。”

Confucius remarked! “Extravagance leads to excess; thrift to meanness: but it is better to be mean than to be guilty of excess.”*

（Sir Chaloner Alabaster translates: “Extravagance leads to sin; thrift makes men mean: but it is better to be mean than to sin.” ）

【白话译文】

孔子说：“奢侈会导致逾越礼制，节俭会导致吝啬。但是宁肯吝啬，也不能因为浪费而逾越礼制（犯罪）。”*

（阿查立爵士将此句翻译为：“奢侈造成罪恶，节俭使人吝啬。但是宁愿吝啬也不愿成为罪人。”）

7-36

子曰：“君子坦荡荡，小人长戚戚。”

Confucius remarked! “A wise and good man is composed and happy; a fool is always worried and full of distress.”

【白话译文】

孔子说：“聪明而高尚的人沉着冷静，幸福快乐；愚钝的人忧愁满怀，烦恼不断。”

7-37

子温而厉，威而不猛，恭而安。

Confucius, in his book, was gracious but serious;*he was awe-inspiring but not austere; he was earnest but unaffected.

（Beseligend war ihre Nähe;

Und alle Herzen wurden weit

Doch eine Würde, eine Höhe

Entfernt die Vertraulichkeit.

Das Madchen ous dem Frende.—Schiller.）

【白话译文】

孔子外表和蔼可亲且庄严肃穆*，令人敬畏但不凶猛严厉，诚挚正直但不矫揉造作。

（Beseligend war ihre Nähe! 美丽的姑娘带着乡间的清纯，

Und alle Herzen wurden weit 站在她身边就让人感到幸福！

Doch eine Würde, eine Höhe 天空万里无云令人心情爽朗，

Entfernt die Vertraulichkeit. 但她不亢不卑甚至不乏高贵，

Das Madchen ous dem Frende! 让人不敢显出丝毫过分亲昵！

——Schiller——席勒）