参考文献

蔡学军，2003, 《中国高层次人才队伍建设现状、问题与对策》, 《中国人才》第10期。

弗洛伊德，1996, 《文明与缺憾》，傅雅芳译，安徽文艺出版社。

卡罗尔·吉列根，1999, 《不同的声音——心理学理论与妇女发展》，肖巍译，中央编译出版社。

娄伟、张海夫，2006, 《人才蓝皮书：中国人才发展报告》，社会科学文献出版社。

张艳，1998, 《试论女性高层次人才资源贫乏现象及成因》, 《教育探索》第4期。

Astin, Alexander W. &Kent, L.1983. “Gender Roles in Transition: Research and Policy Implication for Higher Education. ”Journal of Higher Education 54.

Astin, Alexander W. & Sax, L. J.1996. “Developing Scientific Talent in Undergraduate Women. ”in Davis, C. et al. eds. The Equity Equation: Women in Science, Mathematics， and Engineering. San Francisco: Jossey Bass.

Astin, Alexander W.1993. What Matters in College? Four Critical Years Revisited. San Francisco: Jossey Bass.

Astin, Alexander W.1998. “The Changing American College Student: Thirty-Year Trends， 1966-1996. ”The Review of Higher Education 21.

Baxter Magolda, M. B.1992. Knowing and Reasoning in College: Gender-related Patterns in Student's Intellectual Development. San Francisco: Jossey Bass.

Belle, D.2008. “Swimming Against the Tide: African American Girls and Science Education. ”Contemporary Sociology: A Journal of Reviews 39（1）.

Beutel, Ann M. & Marini, M.1995. “Mooney, Gender and Value. ”Ameirican Sociology Review 60（3）.

Bressler, Marvin & Wendell, Peter.1980. “The Sex Composition of Selective Colleges and Gender Differences in Career Aspiration. ”Journal of Higher Education 51（6）.

Bryant, A. N.2003. “Changes in Attitudes toward Women's Roles: Predicting Genderrole Traditionalism among College Students. ”Sex Roles 48.

Canes, B. J. &Rosen, H.1995. “Following in Her Footstep? Faculty Gender Composition and Women's Choices of College Majors. ”Industrial and Labor Relations Review 48.

Conefrey, T.1997. “Gender, Culture and Authority in a University Life Science Laboratory. ”Discourse Society 8（3）.

Crawford, M. & Macleod, M.1990. “Gender in the College Classroom: An Assessment of the Chilly Climate for Women. ”Sex Roles 23: 3-4.

Crombie et al.2003. “Students Perception of Their Classroom Participation and Instructor as a Function of Gender and Context. ”Journal of Higher Education 74.

Danziger, N. &Eden, Y.2007. “Gender-related Differences in the Occupational Aspirations and Career-style Preferences of Accounting Students. ”Career Development International 12（2）.

Evans, Sarah.2009. “In a Different Place: Working-class Girls and Higher Education. ”Sociology 49（2）.

Fassinger, P. A.1995. “Understanding Classroom Interaction: Students'and Professors'Contribution to Students'Scilence. ”Journal of Higher Education 66.

Felder, Richard M. et al.1995. “A Longitudinal Study of Engineering Student Performance and Retention. III. Gender Differences in Student Performance and Attitudes. ”Journal of Engi neering Education 84（2）.

Gilmartin, S. K.2005. “The Centrality and Costs of Heterosexual Romantic Love among Firstyear College Women. ”Journal of Higher Education 76（6）.

Grant, Carl A. & Sleeter, Christine E.1986. “Race, Class, and Gender in Education Research: An Argument for Integrative Analysis. ”Review of Educational Research 56.

Hall, R. M. & Sandler, B. R.1982. The Classroom Climate: A Chilly One for Women? Washington DC: Association of American Colleges.

Holland, D. C. & Eisenhart, M. A.1990. Educated in Romance: Women, Achievement, and College Culture. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

Jocabs, J. A.1996. “Gender Inequality and Higher Education. ”Annual Review of Sociology 22.

Josselson, R.1987. Finding Herself: Pathways to Identity Development in Women. San Francisco: Jossy Bass.

Kezar, A. & Moriarty, D.2000. “Expanding Our Understanding of Student Leadership Development: A Study Exploring Gender and Ethnic Identity. ”Journal of College Student Development 41（1）.

Komarovsky, M.1985. Women in College: Shaping New Feminine Identities. New York: Basic Books.

Martinez Aleman, A. M.1997. “Understanding and Investigating Female Friendship's Educative Value. ”Journal of Higher Education 68.

Martinez Aleman, A. M.2000. “Race Talk: Undergraduate Women of Color and Female Friendships. ”The Review of Higher Education 23（2）.

Milem, J. F. et al.2000. “Faculty Time Allocation: A Study of Change over Twenty Years. ”The Journal of Higher Education 71（4）.

Miller, P. H. et al.2000. “A Desire to Help Others: Goals of High-achieving Female Science Undergraduate. ”Women's Studies Quarterly 28（1/2）.

Pascarela, E. T.1984. “College Environmental Influences on Students' Educational Aspirations. ”Journal of Higher Education 55.

Rask K. N. & Bailey, E. M.2002. “Are Faculty Role Models? Evidence from Major Choice in an Undergraduate Institution. ”The Journal of Economic Education 33（2）.

Rayman, P. & Brett, B.1995. “Women Science Major: What Makes a Difference in Persistence after Graduation? ”Journal of Higher Education 15.

Reay, D. , Miriam E. , David, Bell, Stephen J.2005. Degrees of Choice: Social Class， Race, and Gender Higher Education. VA: Trentham Books.

Reay D.2003. “A Risky Business? Mature Working-class Women Students and Access to Higher Education. ”Gender and Education 15.

Reuben, E. & Strauss.1980. Women's Studies Graduates. Washington D. C. : US Department of Education.

Robst, John et al.1998. “The Effect of Gender Composition of Faculty on Student Retention. ”Economics of Education Review 17（4）.

Rosenthal, Karen R. & Ellis L.1986. “Gesten, and Saul Shiffman: Gender and Sex Role Differences in the Perception of Social Support. ”Sex Roles 14.

Salter, D. W. & Persaud, A.2004. “Women's Views of the Factors that Encourage and Dis-courage Classroom Participation. ”Journal of College Student Development 44.

Sax, Linda J.1994. “Mathematical Self-concept: How College Reinforces the Gender Gap. ”Research in Higher Education 35（2）.

Sax, Linda J.2008. The Gender Gap in College: Maximizing the Developmental Potential of Women and Men. San Francisco: Jossey Bass.

Sax, Linda J. et al.2004. “A Longitudinal Investigation of Emotional Health among Male and Female First-Year College Students. ”Journal of the First Year Experience and Students in Transition 16（2）.

Settles, I. H. et al.2007. “Voice Matters: Buffering the Impact of a Negative Climate for Women in Science. ”Psychology of Women Quarterly 31（3）.

Sonnert, G. et al.2007. “Undergraduate Women in Science and Engineering: Effects of Facul-ty, Fields, and Institutes over Time. ”Social Science Quarterly 88（5）.

Terenzini, P. T. & Reason, D. R.2005. “Parsing the First Year of College: A Conceptual Framework for Studying College Impact. ”Paper Presented at the Meeting of the Association for the Study of Higher Education, Philadelphia.

Thomsen, C. J. et al.1995. “Effects of Women's Studies Course on Gender Related Attitudes of Women and Men. ”Psychology of Women Quarterly 19（3）.

Tomlinson, S. & Clarke, D.1994. “Predicting Social Adjustment and Academic Achievement for College Women with and without Pre-college Leadership. ”Journal of College Student Development 35（2）.

Tsui, L.1995. “Boosting Female Ambition: How College Diversity Impact Graduate Degree Aspirations of Women. ”Paper Presented at the Annual Meeting of the Association for the Study of Higher Education 20th, Orlando.

Zhao, C. , Carini, R. &Kuh, G. D.2005. “Searching for the Peach Blossom Shangri-La: Student Engagement of Men and Women SMET Majors. ”Review of Higher Education 28（4）.